Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Neuroimage. 2020 Aug 15;217:116929. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116929. Epub 2020 May 12.
Self-respect is a practical way to promote life satisfaction through gratifying basic psychological needs, whereas self-criticism is associated with life dissatisfaction. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of two positive and negative self-talks on the functional connectome with respect to life satisfaction and its relationships with basic psychological needs. Forty-eight individuals with low life satisfaction (LLS, n = 24) and with high life satisfaction (HLS, n = 24) were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging at a baseline state and during and after self-respect or self-criticism tasks. Functional connectivity analysis was conducted to identify the modulatory effects of the tasks on the self-referential, default mode, and reward-motivation networks. We found that self-respect changed only the connection between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and frontoparietal network, whereas self-criticism changed almost all of the connections examined. The group x condition interaction effect of self-respect was identified only in connection between the PCC and left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, while that of self-criticism was observed in various connections based on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. In respect to basic psychological needs, functional connectivity after self-criticism was significant in predicting the needs of autonomy and relatedness only in the LLS group, whereas functional connectivity after self-respect could predict the needs of autonomy and competence only in the HLS group. Overall, self-criticism produces more noticeable negative changes in the brain than the positive changes of self-respect. Individuals with low life satisfaction may be more vulnerable to be negatively affected not only by self-criticism but also self-respect than individuals with high life satisfaction. The satisfaction of basic psychological needs can play a mediating role in the effects of self-talk tasks differently concerning life satisfaction.
自尊是通过满足基本心理需求来促进生活满意度的一种实际方式，而自我批评则与生活不满有关。本研究的目的是探讨两种积极和消极的自我对话对功能连接体与生活满意度及其与基本心理需求关系的影响。48 名生活满意度低（LLS，n=24）和生活满意度高（HLS，n=24）的个体在基线状态、自我尊重或自我批评任务期间和之后使用功能磁共振成像进行扫描。进行功能连接分析以确定任务对自我参照、默认模式和奖励动机网络的调节作用。我们发现，自我尊重仅改变了后扣带皮层（PCC）和额顶网络之间的连接，而自我批评几乎改变了所有检查的连接。自我尊重的组 x 条件交互效应仅在 PCC 与左腹外侧前额叶皮层之间的连接中被识别，而自我批评的组 x 条件交互效应则在基于腹内侧前额叶皮层和伏隔核的各种连接中被观察到。关于基本心理需求，只有在 LLS 组中，自我批评后的功能连接才与自主性和关联性需求显著相关，而只有在 HLS 组中，自我尊重后的功能连接才与自主性和能力需求显著相关。总的来说，自我批评对大脑产生的负面影响比自我尊重的积极影响更为显著。生活满意度低的个体可能不仅更容易受到自我批评的负面影响，而且还容易受到自我尊重的负面影响，而生活满意度高的个体则不会。基本心理需求的满足可以在自我对话任务的影响中发挥中介作用，这取决于生活满意度的不同。
