Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Department of Statistics, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 13;17(10):3397. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103397.
Around 40% of children are exposed to tobacco smoke, increasing their risk of poor health. Previous research has demonstrated misunderstanding among smoking parents regarding children's exposure. The parental perceptions of exposure (PPE) measure uses visual and textual vignettes to assess awareness of exposure to smoke. The study aimed to determine whether PPE is related to biochemical and reported measures of exposure in children with smoking parents. Families with at least one smoking parent and a child ≤ age 8 were recruited. In total, 82 parents completed the PPE questionnaire, which was assessed on a scale of 1-7 with higher scores denoting a broader perception of exposure. Parents provided a sample of their child's hair and a self-report of parental smoking habits. Parents who reported smoking away from home had higher PPE ratings than parents who smoke in and around the home ( = 0.026), constituting a medium effect size. PPE corresponded with home smoking frequency, with rare or no home exposure associated with higher PPE scores compared to daily or weekly exposure ( < 0.001). PPE was not significantly related to hair nicotine but was a significant explanatory factor for home smoking location. PPE was significantly associated with parental smoking behaviour, including location and frequency. High PPE was associated with lower exposure according to parental report. This implies that parental understanding of exposure affects protective behaviour and constitutes a potential target for intervention to help protect children.
约 40%的儿童接触到烟草烟雾，增加了他们健康状况不佳的风险。先前的研究表明，吸烟父母对儿童接触的理解存在误解。父母对暴露的感知（PPE）测量使用视觉和文本小插图来评估对烟雾暴露的意识。该研究旨在确定 PPE 是否与有吸烟父母的儿童的生物化学和报告的暴露测量值有关。招募了至少有一位吸烟父母和一名≤8 岁的孩子的家庭。共有 82 名父母完成了 PPE 问卷，该问卷的评分范围为 1-7，得分越高表示对暴露的认知越广泛。父母提供了孩子头发的样本和父母吸烟习惯的自我报告。报告在家外吸烟的父母的 PPE 评分高于在家中和周围吸烟的父母（ = 0.026），构成中等效应大小。PPE 与家庭吸烟频率相关，与每日或每周暴露相比，家中很少或没有暴露与更高的 PPE 评分相关（ < 0.001）。PPE 与头发尼古丁含量无显著相关性，但与家庭吸烟地点是显著的解释因素。PPE 与父母的吸烟行为显著相关，包括地点和频率。根据父母的报告，高 PPE 与较低的暴露相关。这意味着父母对暴露的理解会影响保护行为，并构成了帮助保护儿童的潜在干预目标。
