Department of Urology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.
Department of Biology, Juniata College, Huntingdon, PA; Wright Labs, LLC, Huntingdon, PA.
Urol Oncol. 2020 Jul;38(7):615-621. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.04.014. Epub 2020 May 12.
The human microbiome has been linked to the development of several malignancies, but there is scarcity of data on the microbiome of bladder cancer patients. In this study, we analyzed microbial composition and diversity among patients with and without bladder cancer.
Samples were collected from 38 urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients and 10 noncancer controls from August 2018 to May 2019. DNA was extracted and processed for 16 S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Alpha diversity community characteristics including evenness and richness as well as beta diversity metrics were obtained. Linear discriminant analysis effect size was used to identify microbial components whose sequences were more abundant. Pairwise statistics provided quantitative assessment of significant distributions among groups.
Thirty seven total samples contained high quality sequence data for subsequent analyses and divided into 3 cohorts: control (n = 10), muscle-invasive (n = 15) and superficial UC (n = 12). Control samples had significantly higher species evenness when compared to invasive (P = 0.031) and superficial tumors (P = 0.002). In addition, higher species richness was observed in noncancer versus cancer samples (Faith phylogenetic diversity, P < 0.05). Significantly enriched taxa were found in both control (Bacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, Burkholderiaceae) and cancer samples (Bacteroides and Faecalbacterium).
Significantly decreased microbial community diversity was seen in the urine of patients with bladder cancer when compared to a noncancer group. Distinct taxa were noted suggesting unique microbial communities in the urine of bladder cancer patients.
人类微生物组与多种恶性肿瘤的发生有关，但关于膀胱癌患者微生物组的数据却很少。在这项研究中，我们分析了膀胱癌患者和非癌症对照者的微生物组成和多样性。
2018 年 8 月至 2019 年 5 月，采集了 38 例尿路上皮癌（UC）患者和 10 例非癌症对照者的样本。提取 DNA 并进行 16S 核糖体 RNA 测序。获得 alpha 多样性群落特征，包括均匀度和丰富度以及 beta 多样性指标。使用线性判别分析效应大小来识别序列更丰富的微生物成分。配对统计提供了组间显著分布的定量评估。
37 个总样本包含用于后续分析的高质量序列数据，并分为 3 个队列：对照组（n=10）、肌层浸润组（n=15）和浅表 UC 组（n=12）。与浸润性（P=0.031）和浅表性肿瘤（P=0.002）相比，对照组样本的物种均匀度显著更高。此外，非癌症样本的物种丰富度明显高于癌症样本（Faith 系统发育多样性，P<0.05）。在对照组（拟杆菌属、lachnoclostridium 属、伯克霍尔德氏菌科）和癌症样本（拟杆菌属和粪杆菌属）中都发现了明显富集的分类群。
与非癌症组相比，膀胱癌患者尿液中的微生物群落多样性明显降低。注意到独特的分类群提示膀胱癌患者尿液中存在独特的微生物群落。
