University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria; Austrian Centre for Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
Trends Biotechnol. 2020 Nov;38(11):1215-1231. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.03.010. Epub 2020 May 15.
Lignin, a structural component of lignocellulosic plants, is an alternative raw material with enormous potential to replace diminishing fossil-based resources for the sustainable production of many chemicals and materials. Unfortunately, lignin's heterogeneity, low reactivity, and strong intra- and intermolecular hydrogen interactions and modifications introduced during the pulping process present significant technical challenges. However, the increasing ability to tailor lignin biosynthesis pathways by targeting enzymes and the continued discovery of more robust biocatalysts are enabling the synthesis of novel valuable products. This review summarizes how enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis pathways and microbial enzymes are being harnessed to produce chemicals and materials and to upgrade lignin properties for the synthesis of a variety of value-added lignin industrial products.
木质素是木质纤维素植物的结构组成部分，是一种替代原料，具有巨大的潜力，可以替代日益减少的基于化石的资源，用于可持续生产许多化学品和材料。不幸的是，木质素的异质性、低反应性以及在制浆过程中引入的强分子内和分子间氢键相互作用和修饰，带来了重大的技术挑战。然而，通过靶向酶来定制木质素生物合成途径的能力不断增强，以及更多强大的生物催化剂的不断发现，使得新型有价值产品的合成成为可能。本综述总结了参与木质素生物合成途径的酶和微生物酶如何被用于生产化学品和材料，以及如何升级木质素的性质，以合成各种高附加值的木质素工业产品。
