Franco Paulo Celso, Simões Ricardo Santos, Carbonel Adriana Aparecida Ferraz, Sasso Gisela Rodrigues da Silva, Florencio-Silva Rinaldo, Baracat Edmund Chada, Girão Manoel Batista Castello, Soares Júnior José Maria, Simões Manuel de Jesus
. Departamento de Morfologia e Genética - Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo - EPM/Unifesp - São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
. Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP - São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2020 May 15;66(2):174-179. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.2.174.
Although estrogen therapy is widely used against post-menopausal symptoms, it can present adverse effects, including endometrial cancer. Soy isoflavones are considered a possible alternative to estrogen therapy. However, there are still concerns whether isoflavones exert trophic effects on the uterine cervix. To evaluate the histomorphometric and immunohistochemical alterations in the uterine cervix of ovariectomized rats treated with soy isoflavones (Iso).
Fifteen adult Wistar rats were ovariectomized (Ovx) and divided into three groups: Group I (Ovx), administered with vehicle solution; Group II (OVX-Iso), administered with concentrated extract of Iso (150 mg/kg) by gavage; and Group III (OVX-E2), treated with 17β-estradiol (10 µg/kg), subcutaneously. After 30 days of treatments, the uterine cervix was fixed in 10% formaldehyde and processed for paraffin-embedding. Sections were stained with Hematoxylin and eosin for morphological and morphometric studies or subjected to immunohistochemistry for detections of Ki-67 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (Vegf-A). The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis (p ≤ 0.05).
We noted an atrophic uterine cervix in GI, whereas it was more voluminous in GII and even more voluminous in GIII. The thickness of the cervical mucosa was significantly higher in GIII, as compared to GI and GII. The cell proliferation (Ki-67) was significantly elevated in the estradiol and isoflavones treated groups, whereas Vegf-A immunoexpression was significantly higher in GIII, as compared to groups GII and GI.
Soy isoflavones cause less trophic and proliferative effects in the uterine cervix of rats as compared to estrogen.
尽管雌激素疗法被广泛用于对抗绝经后症状，但它可能会产生不良反应，包括子宫内膜癌。大豆异黄酮被认为是雌激素疗法的一种可能替代物。然而，对于异黄酮是否对子宫颈产生营养作用仍存在担忧。为了评估用大豆异黄酮（Iso）处理的去卵巢大鼠子宫颈的组织形态计量学和免疫组化改变。
15只成年Wistar大鼠被去卵巢（Ovx）并分为三组：第一组（Ovx），给予赋形剂溶液；第二组（OVX-Iso），通过灌胃给予浓缩异黄酮提取物（150毫克/千克）；第三组（OVX-E2），皮下注射17β-雌二醇（10微克/千克）。治疗30天后，将子宫颈固定在10%甲醛中并进行石蜡包埋。切片用苏木精和伊红染色用于形态学和形态计量学研究，或进行免疫组化以检测Ki-67和血管内皮生长因子-A（Vegf-A）。所获得的数据进行统计分析（p≤0.05）。
我们注意到第一组子宫颈萎缩，而第二组子宫颈体积更大，第三组子宫颈体积甚至更大。与第一组和第二组相比，第三组宫颈黏膜厚度显著更高。在雌二醇和异黄酮处理组中细胞增殖（Ki-67）显著升高，而与第二组和第一组相比，第三组Vegf-A免疫表达显著更高。
与雌激素相比，大豆异黄酮对大鼠子宫颈产生的营养和增殖作用较小。
