Department of Excellence of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, "Politecnica delle Marche" University of Ancona, Via Tronto 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
Analytical Pharmacotoxicology Unit Head, National Centre on Addiction and Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità V.Le Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 May 15;56(5):237. doi: 10.3390/medicina56050237.
Cannabis has been used for centuries for therapeutic purposes. In the last century, the plant was demonized due to its high abuse liability and supposedly insufficient health benefits. However, recent decriminalization policies and new scientific evidence have increased the interest in cannabis therapeutic potential of cannabis and paved the way for the release of marketing authorizations for cannabis-based products. Although several synthetic and standardized products are currently available on the market, patients' preferences lean towards herbal preparations, because they are easy to handle and self-administer. A literature search was conducted on multidisciplinary research databases and international agencies or institutional websites. Despite the growing popularity of medical cannabis, little data is available on the chemical composition and preparation methods of medical cannabis extracts. The authors hereby report the most common cannabis preparations, presenting their medical indications, routes of administration and recommended dosages. A practical and helpful guide for prescribing doctors is provided, including suggested posology, titration strategies and cannabinoid amounts in herbal preparations obtained from different sources of medical cannabis.
大麻被用于医疗用途已有数个世纪。在上个世纪，由于其高滥用倾向和据称不足的健康益处，该植物被妖魔化。然而，最近的非刑事化政策和新的科学证据增加了人们对大麻治疗潜力的兴趣，并为大麻类产品的营销许可铺平了道路。尽管目前市场上有几种合成的和标准化的产品，但患者更倾向于草药制剂，因为它们易于操作和自我给药。在多学科研究数据库以及国际机构或机构网站上进行了文献检索。尽管医用大麻越来越受欢迎，但有关医用大麻提取物的化学成分和制备方法的数据却很少。作者在此报告了最常见的大麻制剂，介绍了它们的医疗适应证、给药途径和推荐剂量。为处方医生提供了实用且有帮助的指南，包括建议的剂量、滴定策略以及从不同医用大麻来源获得的草药制剂中的大麻素含量。
