Han Changjun, Fang Qihong, Shi Yusheng, Tor Shu Beng, Chua Chee Kai, Zhou Kun
Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
Adv Mater. 2020 Jul;32(26):e1903855. doi: 10.1002/adma.201903855. Epub 2020 May 20.
Boosted by the success of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) manufactured by conventional processes in various applications, the development of HEAs for 3D printing has been advancing rapidly in recent years. 3D printing of HEAs gives rise to a great potential for manufacturing geometrically complex HEA products with desirable performances, thereby inspiring their increased appearance in industrial applications. Herein, a comprehensive review of the recent achievements of 3D printing of HEAs is provided, in the aspects of their powder development, printing processes, microstructures, properties, and potential applications. It begins with the introduction of the fundamentals of 3D printing and HEAs, as well as the unique properties of 3D-printed HEA products. The processes for the development of HEA powders, including atomization and mechanical alloying, and the powder properties, are then presented. Thereafter, typical processes for printing HEA products from powders, namely, directed energy deposition, selective laser melting, and electron beam melting, are discussed with regard to the phases, crystal features, mechanical properties, functionalities, and potential applications of these products (particularly in the aerospace, energy, molding, and tooling industries). Finally, perspectives are outlined to provide guidance for future research.
受传统工艺制造的高熵合金（HEA）在各种应用中取得成功的推动，近年来用于3D打印的高熵合金的发展迅速推进。高熵合金的3D打印为制造具有理想性能的几何形状复杂的高熵合金产品带来了巨大潜力，从而促使它们在工业应用中越来越多地出现。在此，对高熵合金3D打印的最新成果进行了全面综述，涵盖其粉末开发、打印工艺、微观结构、性能和潜在应用等方面。首先介绍了3D打印和高熵合金的基本原理，以及3D打印高熵合金产品的独特性能。接着介绍了高熵合金粉末的开发工艺，包括雾化和机械合金化，以及粉末性能。此后，讨论了从粉末打印高熵合金产品的典型工艺，即定向能量沉积、选择性激光熔化和电子束熔化，涉及这些产品的相、晶体特征、机械性能、功能和潜在应用（特别是在航空航天、能源、成型和工具行业）。最后，概述了未来展望，为未来研究提供指导。
