Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science (TCORS), Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2020 Jul 20;33(7):1882-1887. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00088. Epub 2020 Jun 2.
With conventional cigarettes, the burning cone reaches temperatures of >900 °C, resulting in the production of numerous toxicants and significant levels of highly reactive free radicals. In attempts to eliminate combustion while still delivering nicotine and flavorings, a newer alternative tobacco product has emerged known as "heat-not-burn" (HnB). These products heat tobacco to temperatures of 250-350 °C depending on the device allowing for the volatilization of nicotine and flavorants while potentially limiting the production of combustion-related toxicants. To better understand how the designs of these new products compare to conventional cigarettes and different styles of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs), we measured and partially characterized their production of free radicals. Smoke or aerosols were trapped by a spin trap phenyl---butylnitrone (PBN) and analyzed for free radicals using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Free radical polarity was assessed by passing the aerosol or smoke through either a polar or nonpolar trap prior to being spin trapped with PBN. Particulate-phase radicals were detected only for conventional cigarettes. Gas-phase free radicals were detected in smoke/aerosol from all products with levels for HnB (IQOS, Glo) (12 pmol/puff) being similar to e-cigs (Juul, SREC, box mod e-cig) and hybrid devices (Ploom) (5-40 pmol/puff) but 50-fold lower than conventional cigarettes (1R6F). Gas phase radicals differed in polarity with HnB products and conventional cigarettes producing more polar radicals compared to those produced from e-cigs. Free radical production should be considered in evaluating the toxicological profile of nicotine delivery products and identification of the radicals is of paramount importance.
与传统香烟不同，加热不燃烧产品的燃烧锥体温度达到 250-350°C，可挥发尼古丁和香味物质，同时可能减少燃烧相关有毒物质的产生。为了更好地了解这些新产品的设计与传统香烟和不同类型的电子烟（e-cig）相比有何不同，我们测量并部分表征了它们产生的自由基。通过自旋捕捉剂苯基丁基硝酮（PBN）捕获烟雾或气溶胶，并使用电子顺磁共振（EPR）分析自由基。通过在与 PBN 进行自旋捕捉之前，将气溶胶或烟雾通过极性或非极性捕集器，评估自由基的极性。仅在传统香烟中检测到颗粒相自由基。所有产品的烟雾/气溶胶中均检测到气相自由基，其中加热不燃烧产品（IQOS、Glo）的水平（12 pmol/口）与电子烟（Juul、SREC、盒式 mod 电子烟）和混合装置（Ploom）（5-40 pmol/口）相似，但比传统香烟低 50 倍（1R6F）。气相自由基的极性不同，与电子烟相比，加热不燃烧产品和传统香烟产生的自由基更具极性。在评估尼古丁输送产品的毒理学特征时应考虑自由基的产生，而自由基的鉴定至关重要。
