School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
J Community Health. 2021 Feb;46(1):51-63. doi: 10.1007/s10900-020-00842-8.
The Canadian low-risk drinking guidelines were developed for adults, however, the applicability to older adults was not considered in the development of the guidelines. The objectives of this study were to: (1) to examine alcohol use in community dwelling older males and females using the current Canadian guidelines; (2) to test lower limits of alcohol use on various health factors; and (3) to determine health factors associated with high-risk drinking in older males and females. Data on community dwelling older adults (aged 65 +) was used from the Canadian Injury Prevention Survey (n = 2274). Descriptive statistics and comparative analysis were used to compare alcohol consumption categories. Logistic regressions were performed to examine the relationships between health factors and alcohol consumption categories. 70% of the sample reported having at least one drink per week; 4.5% of males and 6.8% of females were high-risk drinkers according to the current guidelines. There were no significant associations between the current alcohol categories with demographics, behavioral risk factors or health conditions. Using the new guidelines, 21% of males and females were classified as high-risk drinkers, respectively. Diabetes and having an illness or disability before retirement was protective of high-risk drinking in males while having diabetes and poorer physical health was protective of high-risk drinking in females. The prevalence of high-risk drinkers is dependent on what alcohol classifications are used. Further studies are needed to determine the causal relationships between health-related factors and alcohol using standardized definitions of alcohol consumption.
加拿大低风险饮酒指南是为成年人制定的,但是,在制定指南时并没有考虑到老年人的适用性。本研究的目的是:(1) 使用当前的加拿大指南,研究社区居住的老年男性和女性的饮酒情况;(2) 测试各种健康因素下的低饮酒量限值;(3) 确定与老年男性和女性高危饮酒相关的健康因素。使用来自加拿大伤害预防调查的数据(n=2274),该数据来自社区居住的老年人(年龄 65 岁及以上)。使用描述性统计和比较分析来比较不同的饮酒类别。使用逻辑回归来检查健康因素与饮酒类别的关系。70%的样本报告每周至少喝一次酒;4.5%的男性和 6.8%的女性根据现行指南被归类为高危饮酒者。现行的饮酒类别与人口统计学、行为风险因素或健康状况之间没有显著关联。使用新的指南,分别有 21%的男性和女性被归类为高危饮酒者。在男性中,糖尿病和退休前患有疾病或残疾可预防高危饮酒,而在女性中,糖尿病和较差的身体健康状况可预防高危饮酒。高危饮酒者的患病率取决于使用何种酒精分类。需要进一步的研究来确定使用标准化的酒精摄入量定义的健康相关因素和酒精之间的因果关系。