经改良活病毒疫苗接种和注射微量矿物质同时处理新接收的肉牛犊牛，对牛病毒性腹泻病毒 2 感染的免疫反应和保护作用的产生。

Immune response and onset of protection from Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 infection induced by modified-live virus vaccination concurrent with injectable trace minerals administration in newly received beef calves.

机构信息

Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2771, United States; Group for Reproduction in Animals, Vaccinology and Infectious Diseases (GRAVID(TM)), United States; Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States.

Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2771, United States; Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2771, United States; Group for Reproduction in Animals, Vaccinology and Infectious Diseases (GRAVID(TM)), United States.

出版信息

Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2020 Jul;225:110055. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110055. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Strategies to improve the onset of protective immunity induced by vaccination against respiratory pathogens may have a significant impact on health of newly received beef calves. The objective was to determine if the use of injectable trace minerals (ITM; Se, Zn, Cu, and Mn) concurrent with a modified-live virus (MLV) vaccine enhances the immune response and onset of protection in beef calves challenged with BVDV2 five days after vaccination. Forty-five calves were randomly assigned to one of three groups (15/group): VAC + ITM, received MLV-vaccine and ITM (Multimin®90) subcutaneously (SC); VAC + SAL, received the same vaccine and saline SC; or UNVAC, unvaccinated. Five days after vaccination (d.0), calves were challenged with BVDV2 strain 890. Health status was evaluated and blood samples were collected for leukocyte counts, BVDV1 and 2 serum neutralizing antibodies (SNA), BVDV-PCR, and percentage of CD4, CD8, WC1 and CD25 T-cells. VAC + ITM had lower health scores than UNVAC (d.8 and 9). VAC + ITM had higher BVDV1 & 2 SNA titers than VAC + SAL and UNVAC on d.21 and 28. Lymphocyte counts decreased in UNVAC but not in VAC + ITM or VAC + SAL (d.3 to 11). CD4 T-cells significantly decreased in UNVAC and VAC + SAL (d.3). VAC + ITM had higher percentage of CD4 T-cells than UNVAC (d.3 and 7). VAC + ITM had lower percentage of activated CD4 and CD8 T-cells than UNVAC (d.7). In summary, vaccination induced a rapid protection against BVDV2 infection. Administration of ITM was associated with increased SNA response to BVDV1 & 2, enhanced health status, mitigation of CD4 T-cells decrease, and reduction of T-cell activation in calves challenged with BVDV2 five days after immunization. These results support the strategic use of ITM concurrent with vaccination, especially when a rapid protection is needed in newly received beef calves.

接种疫苗预防呼吸道病原体引起的保护性免疫的策略可能对新接收的肉牛的健康产生重大影响。本研究的目的是确定在接种 MLV 疫苗的同时使用注射微量元素 (ITM；Se、Zn、Cu 和 Mn) 是否会增强牛病毒性腹泻病毒 2 型 (BVDV2) 攻毒后 5 天免疫牛犊的免疫反应和保护作用。45 头犊牛被随机分为三组（每组 15 头）：VAC+ITM，皮下（SC）接种 MLV 疫苗和 ITM（Multimin®90）；VAC+SAL，接种相同疫苗和生理盐水 SC；或 UNVAC，未接种疫苗。接种后 5 天（d.0），犊牛接受 BVDV2 890 株攻毒。评估健康状况并采集血液样本进行白细胞计数、BVDV1 和 2 血清中和抗体 (SNA)、BVDV-PCR 和 CD4、CD8、WC1 和 CD25 T 细胞的百分比。与 UNVAC 相比，VAC+ITM 的健康评分较低（d.8 和 9）。与 VAC+SAL 和 UNVAC 相比，VAC+ITM 在 d.21 和 28 时具有更高的 BVDV1 和 2 SNA 滴度。UNVAC 的淋巴细胞计数下降，但 VAC+ITM 或 VAC+SAL 中没有下降（d.3 至 11）。UNVAC 和 VAC+SAL 中的 CD4 T 细胞显著减少（d.3）。与 UNVAC 相比，VAC+ITM 的 CD4 T 细胞比例更高（d.3 和 7）。VAC+ITM 中活化的 CD4 和 CD8 T 细胞比例低于 UNVAC（d.7）。总之，接种疫苗可快速预防 BVDV2 感染。ITM 的给药与 BVDV1 和 2 的 SNA 反应增加、健康状况改善、CD4 T 细胞减少减轻以及接种后 5 天 BVDV2 攻毒时 T 细胞活化减少有关。这些结果支持在新接收的肉牛中接种疫苗时同时使用 ITM 的策略，特别是在需要快速保护时。