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当前行为主义的多样化

Current Diversification of Behaviorism.

作者信息

Araiba Sho

机构信息

Positive Behavior Supports Corporation, 1645 Ala Wai Blvd, Apt 508, Honolulu, HI 96815 USA.

出版信息

Perspect Behav Sci. 2019 Jun 10;43(1):157-175. doi: 10.1007/s40614-019-00207-0. eCollection 2020 Mar.

Abstract

Over the last few decades, behaviorism as a philosophy of the science of psychology, especially in the field of behavior analysis and related areas, has diversified to the point that scholars from inside and outside the field are often confused about what exactly behaviorism is. The aim of this study is to analyze how such diversification of behaviorism has arisen over time and what factors might have contributed to it using evolutionary biology's concept of adaptive radiation as an analogical process. Diversification of behaviorism has occurred in many areas over time as behaviorism has extended its field of practice. Although some characteristics of behaviorism remained, other characteristics were modified. One such characteristic that went through extensive modification is the agent-free approach to the analysis of behavior: the agent problem. This approach has met criticism from inside and outside the field and has been under a strong selective pressure. The present article discusses how the agent problem in a different niche has shaped behaviorism into new forms that we see today.

摘要

在过去几十年里,行为主义作为心理学科学的一种哲学,尤其是在行为分析及相关领域,已经变得多样化,以至于该领域内外的学者常常对行为主义到底是什么感到困惑。本研究的目的是分析行为主义的这种多样化是如何随着时间的推移而出现的,以及使用进化生物学的适应性辐射概念作为类比过程,哪些因素可能促成了这种多样化。随着行为主义扩展其实践领域,行为主义的多样化在许多领域随着时间的推移而发生。虽然行为主义的一些特征得以保留,但其他特征被修改了。经历广泛修改的一个这样的特征是行为分析的无主体方法:主体问题。这种方法受到了该领域内外的批评,并一直处于强大的选择压力之下。本文讨论了在不同生态位中的主体问题是如何将行为主义塑造成我们今天看到的新形式的。

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Behavioral Economics in Consumer Behavior Analysis.消费者行为分析中的行为经济学
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About Teleological Behaviorism.关于目的行为主义。
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Jack Michael's Motivation.杰克·迈克尔的动机。
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