Department of Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Adolesc Health. 2020 Jun;66(6S):S12-S20. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.02.013.
Intersectionality theory highlights the importance of the interplay of multiple social group memberships in shaping individual mental well-being. This article investigates elements of adolescent mental well-being (life dissatisfaction and psychosomatic complaints) from an intersectional perspective. It tests mental well-being consequences of membership in combinations of multiple social groups and examines to what extent such intersectional effects depend on the national context (immigration and integration policies, national-level income, and gender equality).
Using Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy, we assessed the role of the national context in shaping the interplay between immigration background, socioeconomic status, and gender, using data from 33 countries from the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey.
We found no uniform intersectionality effects across all countries. However, when allowing the interplay to vary by national context, results did point toward some intersectional effects. Some aggravated negative effects were found for members of multiple disadvantaged social groups in countries with low levels of income equality and restrictive migration policies, whereas enhanced positive effects were found for members of multiple advantaged groups in these countries. Similarly, mitigated negative effects of membership in multiple disadvantaged groups were shown in countries with higher levels of income equality and more inclusive migration policies, whereas mitigated positive effects were found for multiply advantaged individuals. Although for national-level gender equality results pointed in a similar direction, girls' scores were counterintuitive. High national-level gender equality disproportionately benefitted groups of disadvantaged boys, whereas advantaged girls were doing worse than expected, and reversed effects were found for countries with low gender equality.
To fully understand social inequalities in adolescent mental well-being, the interplay between individual-level and national-level indicators must be explored.
交叉性理论强调了多种社会群体成员身份的相互作用在塑造个体心理健康方面的重要性。本文从交叉性视角探讨了青少年心理健康的要素（生活不满和身心症状）。它检验了多种社会群体组合成员身份对心理健康的影响，并考察了这种交叉效应在多大程度上取决于国家背景（移民和融合政策、国家一级收入和性别平等）。
我们使用个体异质性和判别准确性的多层次分析，利用来自 2017/2018 年青少年健康行为调查的 33 个国家的数据，评估了国家背景在塑造移民背景、社会经济地位和性别相互作用方面的作用。
我们没有发现所有国家都存在统一的交叉效应。然而，当允许相互作用因国家背景而异时，结果确实指向了一些交叉效应。在收入平等程度低和移民政策限制的国家，多个弱势社会群体的成员存在加剧的负面效应，而在这些国家，多个优势群体的成员则存在增强的正面效应。同样，在收入平等程度较高和移民政策更具包容性的国家，多个弱势群体成员的负面影响得到缓解，而多个优势群体成员的正面效应也得到缓解。尽管国家一级的性别平等结果指向了类似的方向，但女孩的分数却出人意料。高国家一级的性别平等不成比例地使处于劣势的男孩群体受益，而处于优势的女孩则表现不如预期，而在性别平等程度较低的国家，则出现了相反的效应。
为了全面了解青少年心理健康方面的社会不平等，必须探讨个体层面和国家层面指标之间的相互作用。
