Department of Education and Sport Science, University of Stavanger, 4036, Stavanger, Norway.
Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.
BMC Public Health. 2020 May 24;20(1):776. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08936-7.
Studies indicate that health-related components of physical fitness are associated with mental health outcomes. However, research is scarce concerning this relationship in young adolescents in general and non-existent in Norwegian populations specifically. The aim of the study was to examine whether body composition, muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with self-reported mental health in Norwegian adolescents.
Adolescents from four regions of Norway (n = 1486; mean age = 13.9; girls = 50.6%) participated. Self-reported mental health (psychological difficulties) was measured by completing the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with an intermittent running test; muscular strength was assessed by measuring handgrip strength, standing broad jump and sit-ups; and body composition was assessed by calculating body mass index from weight and height. Linear mixed effects models were conducted to assess the associations between the health-related components of physical fitness and psychological difficulties. School clusters were included as random effects and all models were controlled for sex, socioeconomic status and birthplace (domestic or foreign).
Body composition was not associated with psychological difficulties. Muscular strength was independently associated with psychological difficulties, but when all independent variables were entered in the fully adjusted model, only cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with psychological difficulties.
There was a small but significant inverse association between cardiorespiratory fitness and levels of psychological difficulties in Norwegian adolescents. The results suggest that muscular strength is not associated with psychological difficulties in adolescents, when controlling for cardiorespiratory fitness. Future research should focus on the prospective association between physical fitness components and mental health outcomes in adolescents.
The study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov ID nr: NCT03817047. Retrospectively registered January 25, 2019.
研究表明，与身体健康相关的因素与心理健康结果有关。然而，关于一般青少年，尤其是挪威人群中这种关系的研究很少。本研究旨在探讨身体成分、肌肉力量和心肺适能是否与挪威青少年的自我报告心理健康有关。
来自挪威四个地区的青少年（n=1486；平均年龄=13.9；女生=50.6%）参与了这项研究。自我报告的心理健康（心理困难）通过完成《长处和困难问卷》进行测量。心肺适能通过间歇性跑步测试进行评估；肌肉力量通过测量握力、立定跳远和仰卧起坐进行评估；身体成分通过体重和身高计算体重指数进行评估。线性混合效应模型用于评估身体健康相关因素与心理困难之间的关系。学校群集被纳入随机效应，所有模型均控制了性别、社会经济地位和出生地（国内或国外）。
身体成分与心理困难无关。肌肉力量与心理困难独立相关，但当所有独立变量被纳入完全调整模型时，只有心肺适能与心理困难相关。
在挪威青少年中，心肺适能与心理困难程度之间存在微小但显著的负相关。结果表明，在控制心肺适能的情况下，肌肉力量与青少年的心理困难无关。未来的研究应集中于身体成分与心理健康结果之间的前瞻性关联在青少年中。
该研究在 ClinicalTrials.gov 注册号为 NCT03817047。于 2019 年 1 月 25 日回顾性注册。
