Cechinel-Zanchett Camile Cecconi, Bolda Mariano Luísa Nathália, Boeing Thaise, da Costa Juliana de Carvalho, Da Silva Luísa Mota, Bastos Jairo K, Cechinel-Filho Valdir, de Souza Priscila
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Café - CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
J Nat Prod. 2020 Jun 26;83(6):1980-1989. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00274. Epub 2020 May 26.
Our previous study showed that kaempferitrin, the main flavonoid from Link leaves, induces diuresis and saluresis when orally given to rats. Since afzelin (AFZ) and kaempferol (KFL) are active compounds from the biometabolism of kaempferitrin, the diuretic and renal protective properties of these two compounds were evaluated. While the acute treatment with AFZ evoked a diuretic action associated with an increase in Cl excretion and a Ca-sparing effect, KFL did not present any activity. The pretreatment with a muscarinic receptor blocker or with an inhibitor of the cyclooxygenase fully avoided AFZ-induced diuresis. AFZ also induced a prolonged (7-day treatment) diuretic effect in normotensive (NTR) and hypertensive rats (SHR), with an increase of urinary Na and Cl excretion, while it decreased the elimination of Ca. AFZ was able to decrease ROS and nitrite generation on kidney homogenates in comparison with the SHR group treated with the vehicle, as well as mitigated the changes in the renal corpuscle region (glomerulus and Bowman's capsule). Moreover, AFZ significantly reduced calcium oxalate crystal formation in urine, with inhibition rates of 41% for the NTR and 92% for the SHR group. Taken together, this study shows that AFZ exerts acute and prolonged diuretic effects plus protective renal properties.
我们之前的研究表明，山奈酚苷（从连钱草叶中提取的主要黄酮类化合物）经口给予大鼠时可诱导利尿和促尿盐排泄。由于花旗松素（AFZ）和山奈酚（KFL）是山奈酚苷生物代谢产生的活性化合物，因此对这两种化合物的利尿和肾脏保护特性进行了评估。虽然AFZ急性处理可引发与氯排泄增加相关的利尿作用以及保钙作用，但KFL未表现出任何活性。用毒蕈碱受体阻滞剂或环氧合酶抑制剂预处理可完全避免AFZ诱导的利尿作用。AFZ还可在正常血压大鼠（NTR）和高血压大鼠（SHR）中诱导长期（7天处理）利尿作用，使尿钠和氯排泄增加，同时减少钙的排泄。与用赋形剂处理的SHR组相比，AFZ能够减少肾匀浆中活性氧和亚硝酸盐的生成，并减轻肾小体区域（肾小球和鲍曼囊）的变化。此外，AFZ可显著减少尿中草酸钙晶体的形成，NTR组和SHR组的抑制率分别为41%和92%。综上所述，本研究表明AFZ具有急性和长期利尿作用以及肾脏保护特性。
