Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nucleus of Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigations, University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Brazil.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2021 Mar 27;73(5):700-708. doi: 10.1093/jpp/rgab026.
This study investigated the prolonged diuretic and renal effects of 1,3,5,6- tetrahydroxyxanthone (THX) in rats.
Normotensive (NTR) and hypertensive rats (SHR) received orally the treatment with THX, hydrochlorothiazide or vehicle (VEH). Urine volume, urinary, plasma and kidney parameters were evaluated daily or at the end of 7 days of the experiment.
The urinary volume of both NTR and SHR were significantly augmented with the THX treatment, an effect associated with increased levels of urinary Na+ and K+, besides a Ca2+-sparing effect. As well, THX decreased the quantity of monohydrate crystals in urines from NTR and SHR when compared with VEH-group. Regarding the renal analyses, the glutathione levels and the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and myeloperoxidase in kidney homogenates of the SHR group were decreased. In contrast, the generation of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) and catalase activity was significantly increased. THX reduced the content of LOOH and increased nitrite levels in kidney homogenates obtained from SHR. Additionally, THX also augmented the levels of nitrite in the plasma from the SHR group.
Therefore, THX can be highlighted as a natural diuretic agent with renal protective properties and antiurolithic action.
本研究旨在探讨 1,3,5,6-四羟基蒽酮（THX）对大鼠的长期利尿和肾脏作用。
正常血压大鼠（NTR）和高血压大鼠（SHR）经口给予 THX、氢氯噻嗪或载体（VEH）治疗。每天或实验结束时评估尿量、尿、血浆和肾脏参数。
THX 治疗可显著增加 NTR 和 SHR 的尿量，这一作用与尿中 Na+和 K+水平升高以及 Ca2+节约效应有关。此外，与 VEH 组相比，THX 可减少 NTR 和 SHR 尿液中单水晶体的数量。关于肾脏分析，SHR 组肾匀浆中的谷胱甘肽水平以及超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶和髓过氧化物酶的活性降低。相比之下，脂质氢过氧化物（LOOH）的生成和过氧化氢酶活性显著增加。THX 降低了 SHR 肾匀浆中 LOOH 的含量并增加了亚硝酸盐水平。此外，THX 还增加了 SHR 组血浆中亚硝酸盐的水平。
因此，THX 可作为一种具有肾脏保护作用和抗尿石作用的天然利尿药。
