Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, United States.
Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States.
Elife. 2020 May 27;9:e54264. doi: 10.7554/eLife.54264.
Complex scene perception depends upon the interaction between signals from the classical receptive field (CRF) and the extra-classical receptive field (eCRF) in primary visual cortex (V1) neurons. Although much is known about V1 eCRF properties, we do not yet know how the underlying mechanisms map onto the cortical microcircuit. We probed the spatio-temporal dynamics of eCRF modulation using a reverse correlation paradigm, and found three principal eCRF mechanisms: tuned-facilitation, untuned-suppression, and tuned-suppression. Each mechanism had a distinct timing and spatial profile. Laminar analysis showed that the timing, orientation-tuning, and strength of eCRF mechanisms had distinct signatures within magnocellular and parvocellular processing streams in the V1 microcircuit. The existence of multiple eCRF mechanisms provides new insights into how V1 responds to spatial context. Modeling revealed that the differences in timing and scale of these mechanisms predicted distinct patterns of net modulation, reconciling many previous disparate physiological and psychophysical findings.
复杂场景感知取决于初级视觉皮层 (V1) 神经元中经典感受野 (CRF) 和超经典感受野 (eCRF) 信号的相互作用。尽管人们对 V1 eCRF 特性有了很多了解，但我们仍不清楚其潜在机制如何映射到皮质微电路上。我们使用反向相关范式探测了 eCRF 调制的时空动力学，发现了三种主要的 eCRF 机制：调谐促进、非调谐抑制和调谐抑制。每种机制都有独特的时间和空间特征。层分析表明，eCRF 机制的时间、方向调谐和强度在 V1 微电路的大细胞和小细胞处理流中具有不同的特征。多个 eCRF 机制的存在为 V1 如何响应空间上下文提供了新的见解。建模表明，这些机制的时间和尺度差异预测了净调制的不同模式，协调了许多以前不同的生理和心理物理发现。
