Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.
Chem Soc Rev. 2020 Nov 21;49(22):8036-8064. doi: 10.1039/d0cs00316f. Epub 2020 May 27.
Transition metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions are widely used for construction of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. However, compared to aryl or alkenyl electrophiles, the cross-coupling of unactivated alkyl electrophiles containing β hydrogens remains a challenge. Over the past few years, the use of suitable ligands such as bulky phosphines or N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) has enabled reactions of unactivated alkyl electrophiles not only limited to the traditional cross-coupling with Grignard reagents, but also including a diverse range of organic transformations via either S2 or radical pathways. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent development in copper-catalysed C-C, C-N, C-B, C-Si and C-F bond-forming reactions using unactivated alkyl electrophiles.
过渡金属催化的交叉偶联反应被广泛用于构建碳-碳和碳-杂原子键。然而，与芳基或烯基亲电试剂相比，含有β氢的未活化烷基亲电试剂的交叉偶联仍然是一个挑战。在过去的几年中，使用合适的配体（如大位阻膦或 N-杂环卡宾（NHCs））已经使得未活化烷基亲电试剂的反应不仅限于与格氏试剂的传统交叉偶联，还包括通过 S2 或自由基途径的各种有机转化。本综述全面概述了使用未活化烷基亲电试剂的铜催化的 C-C、C-N、C-B、C-Si 和 C-F 键形成反应的最新进展。
