Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Australia, 3220.
City of Greater Bendigo, Healthy Greater Bendigo, PO Box 733, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia.
Appetite. 2020 Oct 1;153:104750. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104750. Epub 2020 May 24.
Fruit and vegetable consumption is low compared to recommendations worldwide. Few studies have investigated intakes of fruit and vegetables and barriers to meeting recommendations in a mixed-method design. Moreover, there is a need to better understand differences in these barriers by population subgroups. This study aimed to examine fruit and vegetable intake and barriers to meeting recommendations and differences by sex, age and socio-economic groups. Data on adults from the cross-sectional Greater Bendigo Active Living Census 2014 were used. Participants self-reported intake of fruit and vegetables and completed an open-ended question on barriers to meeting recommended intakes. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine odds of meeting recommended intakes. Leximancer was used for thematic analyses of barriers. A total of 13,788 individuals (54% female, 52.1 (SD 17.7) years) were included in the quantitative analyses. Qualitative data were available for 5649 of these individuals. Only seven percent of participants met recommended intakes for fruit and vegetables. Barriers were lack of time, that guidelines were perceived as unachievable, the wide variety of other foods available and the high cost and limited availability of fresh fruit and vegetables. The most relevant barriers by subgroups were: taste (12%) and lack of appetite (18%) for males and females, respectively; lack of time (26-28%) and lack of appetite (70%) for young to middle aged adults and older adults, respectively and cost (35%) and availability of fresh fruits and vegetables (22%) for rural and disadvantaged groups. Findings have implications for the design of healthy eating strategies, which may benefit from being tailored to key population groups.
与全球建议相比，水果和蔬菜的摄入量较低。很少有研究以混合方法设计调查水果和蔬菜的摄入量以及达到建议的障碍。此外，需要更好地了解人口亚组之间这些障碍的差异。本研究旨在检查水果和蔬菜的摄入量以及达到建议摄入量的障碍，并按性别、年龄和社会经济群体进行差异分析。使用了来自 2014 年大本德活跃生活普查的横断面成年人数据。参与者自我报告了水果和蔬菜的摄入量，并完成了一个关于达到建议摄入量的障碍的开放式问题。使用逻辑回归分析来检查达到建议摄入量的可能性。Leximancer 用于障碍的主题分析。共纳入了 13788 名参与者（54%为女性，52.1（SD 17.7）岁）进行定量分析。其中 5649 人提供了定性数据。只有 7%的参与者达到了水果和蔬菜的推荐摄入量。障碍包括缺乏时间、认为指南难以实现、其他可供选择的食物种类繁多以及新鲜水果和蔬菜的高成本和有限供应。按亚组划分，最相关的障碍是：男性分别为缺乏口味（12%）和缺乏食欲（18%），女性分别为缺乏时间（26-28%）和缺乏食欲（70%），年轻到中年成年人和老年人分别为缺乏时间（26-28%）和缺乏食欲（70%），农村和弱势群体分别为成本（35%）和新鲜水果和蔬菜的供应（22%）。这些发现对健康饮食策略的设计具有重要意义，这些策略可能需要针对关键人群进行定制。
