Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 3220, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, 3125, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jan 10;24(1):146. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-17641-8.
Diets low in vegetables are a main contributor to the health burden experienced by Australians living in rural communities. Given the ubiquity of smartphones and access to the Internet, digital interventions may offer an accessible delivery model for a dietary intervention in rural communities. However, no digital interventions to address low vegetable intake have been co-designed with adults living in rural areas. This paper describes the co-design of a digital intervention to improve vegetable intake with rural community members and research partners.
Active participants in the co-design process were adults ≥ 18 years living in three rural Australian communities (total n = 57) and research partners (n = 4) representing three local rural governments and one peak non-government health organisation. An iterative co-design process was undertaken to understand the needs (pre-design phase) and ideas (generative phase) of the target population. Eight online workshops and a community survey were conducted between July and December 2021. The MoSCoW prioritisation method was used to help participants identify the 'Must-have, Should-have, Could-have, and Won't-have or will not have right now' features and functions of the digital intervention. Workshops were transcribed and inductively analysed using NVivo. Convergent and divergent themes were identified between the workshops and community survey to identify how to implement the digital intervention in the community.
Consensus was reached on a concept for a digital intervention that addressed individual and food environment barriers to vegetable intake, specific to rural communities. Implementation recommendations centred on (i) food literacy approaches to improve skills via access to vegetable-rich recipes and healthy eating resources, (ii) access to personalisation options and behaviour change support, and (iii) improving the community food environment by providing information on and access to local food initiatives.
Rural-dwelling adults expressed preferences for personalised intervention features that can enhance food literacy and engagement with community food environments. This research will inform the development of the prototyping (evaluation phase) and feasibility testing (post-design phase) of this intervention.
蔬菜摄入量低的饮食是造成澳大利亚农村社区居民健康负担的主要原因之一。鉴于智能手机的普及和互联网的普及，数字干预措施可能为农村社区的饮食干预提供一种易于使用的交付模式。然而，还没有针对农村地区成年人的数字干预措施来解决蔬菜摄入量低的问题。本文描述了与农村社区成员和研究合作伙伴共同设计一种数字干预措施来改善蔬菜摄入量的过程。
积极参与共同设计过程的是居住在澳大利亚三个农村社区（共 57 人）的成年人（≥18 岁）和研究合作伙伴（4 人），他们代表三个当地农村政府和一个非政府卫生组织的高峰组织。采用迭代共同设计过程来了解目标人群的需求（预设计阶段）和想法（生成阶段）。2021 年 7 月至 12 月期间，进行了八次在线研讨会和社区调查。采用 MoSCoW 优先级排序方法帮助参与者确定数字干预措施的“必须有、应该有、可以有和不会有或现在不会有”的功能和特性。对研讨会的转录内容进行了归纳分析，使用 NVivo 进行了分析。研讨会和社区调查之间确定了趋同和发散的主题，以确定如何在社区中实施数字干预措施。
就针对农村社区的个人和食物环境障碍解决蔬菜摄入量的数字干预措施达成共识。实施建议集中在（i）通过提供丰富蔬菜的食谱和健康饮食资源来提高技能的食物素养方法，（ii）提供个性化选项和行为改变支持的途径，以及（iii）通过提供有关当地食品倡议的信息和获取途径来改善社区食品环境。
农村居民表达了对个性化干预功能的偏好，这些功能可以增强食物素养和对社区食物环境的参与度。这项研究将为该干预措施的原型设计（评估阶段）和可行性测试（设计后阶段）提供信息。
