Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Cancer Molecular Pathology and Griffith Medical School, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Int J Oral Sci. 2020 May 28;12(1):16. doi: 10.1038/s41368-020-0084-8.
With the understanding of the complex interaction between the tumour microenvironment and immunotherapy, there is increasing interest in the role of immune regulators in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Activation of T cells and immune checkpoint molecules is important for the immune response to cancers. Immune checkpoint molecules include cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed death 1 (PD-1), T-cell immunoglobulin mucin protein 3 (TIM-3), lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), T cell immunoglobin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (TIGIT), glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor (GITR) and V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA). Many clinical trials using checkpoint inhibitors, as both monotherapies and combination therapies, have been initiated targeting these immune checkpoint molecules. This review summarizes the functional mechanism and use of various immune checkpoint molecules in HNSCC, including monotherapies and combination therapies, and provides better treatment options for patients with HNSCC.
随着对肿瘤微环境与免疫疗法之间复杂相互作用的认识不断加深，免疫调节剂在头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）治疗中的作用引起了越来越多的关注。T 细胞和免疫检查点分子的激活对于癌症的免疫反应很重要。免疫检查点分子包括细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞抗原 4（CTLA-4）、程序性死亡受体 1（PD-1）、T 细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白蛋白 3（TIM-3）、淋巴细胞激活基因 3（LAG-3）、T 细胞免疫球蛋白和免疫受体酪氨酸抑制基序（TIGIT）、糖皮质激素诱导的肿瘤坏死因子受体（GITR）和 V 域免疫球蛋白抑制 T 细胞激活（VISTA）。许多临床试验已经启动，使用检查点抑制剂作为单一疗法和联合疗法，针对这些免疫检查点分子进行治疗。本文综述了各种免疫检查点分子在 HNSCC 中的功能机制和用途，包括单一疗法和联合疗法，并为 HNSCC 患者提供了更好的治疗选择。
