Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(12):2061-2077. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1769548. Epub 2020 May 28.
In recent years, obesity has become a global public health issue. It is closely associated with the occurrence of several chronic diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Some edible and medicinal plants show anti-obesity activity, such as fruits, vegetables, spices, legumes, edible flowers, mushrooms, and medicinal plants. Numerous studies have indicated that these plants are potential candidates for the prevention and management of obesity. The major anti-obesity mechanisms of plants include suppressing appetite, reducing the absorption of lipids and carbohydrates, inhibiting adipogenesis and lipogenesis, regulating lipid metabolism, increasing energy expenditure, regulating gut microbiota, and improving obesity-related inflammation. In this review, the anti-obesity activity of edible and medicinal plants was summarized based on epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies, with related mechanisms discussed, which provided the basis for the research and development of slimming products. Further studies should focus on the exploration of safer plants with anti-obesity activity and the identification of specific anti-obesity mechanisms.
近年来，肥胖已成为全球性的公共健康问题。它与多种慢性疾病的发生密切相关，如糖尿病和心血管疾病。一些可食用和药用植物具有抗肥胖活性，如水果、蔬菜、香料、豆类、可食用花卉、蘑菇和药用植物。大量研究表明，这些植物是预防和管理肥胖的潜在候选物。植物的主要抗肥胖机制包括抑制食欲、减少脂质和碳水化合物的吸收、抑制脂肪生成和脂肪生成、调节脂质代谢、增加能量消耗、调节肠道微生物群和改善与肥胖相关的炎症。在本综述中，根据流行病学、实验和临床研究总结了可食用和药用植物的抗肥胖活性，并讨论了相关机制，为减肥产品的研究和开发提供了依据。进一步的研究应侧重于探索具有抗肥胖活性的更安全的植物，并确定特定的抗肥胖机制。
