Nematicidal Effect of Methyl Palmitate and Methyl Stearate against in Bananas.

Banana plants ( spp.) are susceptible to infection by many plant-parasitic nematodes, including . In this study, a mixed fermentation broth of chicken manure (CM) and cassava ethanol wastewater (CEW) was used to inhibit by reducing egg hatching and by having a lethal effect on second-stage juvenile nematodes (J2s). It also alleviated nematode damage and promoted banana plant growth. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we identified methyl palmitate and methyl stearate as bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds repelled J2s and inhibited egg hatching; reduced root galls, egg masses, and nematodes in soil; and downregulated the essential parasitic nematode genes and . A offspring assay showed that low concentrations of the fermentation broth, methyl palmitate, and methyl stearate were safe for its life cycle. This study explored the effective and environmentally safe strategies for controlling root-knot nematodes.