CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, China.
Department of Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2020 Nov;12(6):e1646. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1646. Epub 2020 May 28.
In the past few decades, cancer immunotherapy has developed rapidly. Cancer immunotherapy, either used alone or in combination with a variety of immunotherapies (such as cancer therapeutic vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, or immune checkpoint blocking therapy), is a very attractive class of cancer therapy. However, so far, the clinical effect of most cancer immunotherapy is not satisfactory. It has been widely recognized that nanotechnology can enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. A variety of biogenic nanoparticles have been developed, which have excellent immunogenicity and modifiability, and can carry tumor therapeutic drugs to achieve combined therapy, so as to improve the effectiveness and durability of antitumor immunity while reducing adverse side effects. In this review, we summarized the key parameters and futures of three kinds of biogenic nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy; we highlighted the progress of cancer immunotherapy based on outer membrane vesicles, virus-like particles, and exosomes. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
在过去几十年中，癌症免疫疗法发展迅速。癌症免疫疗法，无论是单独使用还是与各种免疫疗法（如癌症治疗性疫苗、过继细胞疗法或免疫检查点阻断疗法）联合使用，都是一类非常有吸引力的癌症治疗方法。然而，到目前为止，大多数癌症免疫疗法的临床效果并不理想。人们广泛认识到，纳米技术可以增强癌症免疫疗法的疗效。已经开发出多种生物源纳米颗粒，它们具有优异的免疫原性和可修饰性，并且可以携带肿瘤治疗药物以实现联合治疗，从而提高抗肿瘤免疫的有效性和持久性，同时降低不良反应。在这篇综述中，我们总结了癌症免疫治疗中三种生物源纳米材料的关键参数和未来；我们重点介绍了基于外膜囊泡、病毒样颗粒和外泌体的癌症免疫治疗的进展。本文属于以下类别： 治疗方法和药物发现 > 癌症纳米医学 纳米技术在生物学中的应用 > 生物学中的纳米尺度系统
