WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health aspects of musculo-skeletal health and ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Belgium.
WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health aspects of musculo-skeletal health and ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Belgium; Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, Multidisciplinary Research Unit on Health and Society, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Exp Gerontol. 2020 Sep;138:110983. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110983. Epub 2020 May 28.
In 2017, our team highlighted promising results of a giant exercising board game on physical activity level and a broader array of physical and psychological outcomes among nursing home residents. However, some improvements of this game were needed to make it more suitable for nursing homes and more challenging in terms of exercises. Therefore, we decided to develop a new version of a giant exercising board game: the GAMotion.
The primary objective of this pilot study was to assess the impact of the GAMotion on physical capacity among nursing home residents. The secondary aims were to assess the impact of the GAMotion on motivation and quality of life in this population.
A one-month pilot interventional study was performed in two comparable nursing homes. Eleven participants meeting the inclusion criteria took part in the intervention in one nursing home, whereas 10 participants were assigned to the control group in the other institution. The GAMotion required participants to perform strength, flexibility, balance and endurance activities. The assistance provided by an exercising specialist decreased gradually during the intervention in an autonomy-oriented approach based on the self-determination theory. Physical capacity (i.e. fall risk using Tinetti test; dynamic balance using Timed Up and Go test (TUG); physical abilities using SPPB test; grip strength using Jamar dynamometer; isometric lower limb muscle strength using MicroFET2 and quantitative evaluation of walking using Locometrix), motivation (i.e. using Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2) and quality of life (i.e. using EQ-5D questionnaire) were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention. A two-way repeated-measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess time*group (intervention vs. control group) effects. All the analyses were adjusted on age, which differed significantly between the 2 groups at baseline.
During the intervention period, the experimental group displayed a greater improvement in Tinetti score (p < 0.0001), TUG (p = 0.02), SPPB (p < 0.0001), knee extensor isometric strength (p = 0.04), grip strength (p = 0.02), symmetry of steps (p = 0.04), 3 domains of the EQ-5D (i.e. mobility, self-care, usual activities: p < 0.0001) and intrinsic motivation (p = 0.02) compared to the control group. No significant improvement was demonstrated on the other parameters.
These promising results should be interpreted with caution because of certain limitations (e.g. small sample size, no blind assessment). Further investigation is required to confirm and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of the GAMotion in nursing homes.
2017 年，我们的团队展示了一款巨型运动棋盘游戏在提高身体活动水平和改善身体和心理结果方面的有前景的结果，该游戏适用于养老院居民。然而，为了使这款游戏更适合养老院使用，并增加运动的挑战性，我们需要对其进行一些改进。因此，我们决定开发一款新的巨型运动棋盘游戏：GAMotion。
本初步研究的主要目的是评估 GAMotion 对养老院居民身体能力的影响。次要目的是评估 GAMotion 对该人群的动机和生活质量的影响。
在两家可比的养老院进行了为期一个月的初步干预研究。符合纳入标准的 11 名参与者在一家养老院接受了干预，而另外 10 名参与者被分配到另一家养老院的对照组。GAMotion 需要参与者进行力量、灵活性、平衡和耐力活动。根据自我决定理论，以自主为导向的方法，在干预过程中逐渐减少运动专家的协助。身体能力（即使用 Tinetti 测试评估跌倒风险；使用 Timed Up and Go 测试（TUG）评估动态平衡；使用 SPPB 测试评估身体能力；使用 Jamar 测力计评估握力；使用 MicroFET2 评估下肢等长肌肉力量；使用 Locometrix 评估步行的定量评估）、动机（即使用运动行为调节问卷-2）和生活质量（即使用 EQ-5D 问卷）在基线和干预结束时进行评估。采用双向重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）评估时间*组（干预组与对照组）的效果。所有分析均根据两组在基线时存在显著差异的年龄进行调整。
在干预期间，实验组在 Tinetti 评分（p<0.0001）、TUG（p=0.02）、SPPB（p<0.0001）、膝关节伸肌等长肌力（p=0.04）、握力（p=0.02）、步幅对称性（p=0.04）、EQ-5D 的 3 个领域（即行动能力、自理能力、日常活动：p<0.0001）和内在动机（p=0.02）方面的改善明显优于对照组。其他参数没有显著改善。
由于存在某些限制（例如样本量小、无盲法评估），这些有前景的结果应谨慎解释。需要进一步研究以确认和评估 GAMotion 在养老院中的长期有效性。
