Mouton Alexandre, Gillet Nicolas, Mouton Flore, Van Kann Dave, Bruyère Olivier, Cloes Marc, Buckinx Fanny
Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, Multidisciplinary Research Unit on Health and Society, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht.
Clin Interv Aging. 2017 May 22;12:847-858. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S134760. eCollection 2017.
This study examined the effects of a giant (4×3 m) exercising board game intervention on ambulatory physical activity (PA) and a broader array of physical and psychological outcomes among nursing home residents.
A quasi-experimental longitudinal study was carried out in two comparable nursing homes. Ten participants (aged 82.5±6.3 and comprising 6 women) meeting the inclusion criteria took part in the 1-month intervention in one nursing home, whereas 11 participants (aged 89.9±3.1 with 8 women) were assigned to the control group in the other nursing home. The giant exercising board game required participants to per-form strength, flexibility, balance and endurance activities. The assistance provided by an exercising specialist decreased gradually during the intervention in an autonomy-oriented approach based on the self-determination theory. The following were assessed at baseline, after the intervention and after a follow-up period of 3 months: PA (steps/day and energy expenditure/day with ActiGraph), cognitive status (mini mental state examination), quality of life (EuroQol 5-dimensions), motivation for PA (Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2), gait and balance (Tinetti and Short Physical Performance Battery), functional mobility (timed up and go), and the muscular isometric strength of the lower limb muscles.
In the intervention group, PA increased from 2,921 steps/day at baseline to 3,358 steps/day after the intervention (+14.9%, =0.04) and 4,083 steps/day (+39.8%, =0.03) after 3 months. Energy expenditure/day also increased after the intervention (+110 kcal/day, +6.3%, =0.01) and after 3 months (+219 kcal/day, +12.3%, =0.02). Quality of life (<0.05), balance and gait (<0.05), and strength of the ankle (<0.05) were also improved after 3 months. Such improvements were not observed in the control group. The preliminary results are promising but further investigation is required to confirm and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of PA interventions in nursing homes.
本研究探讨了一款大型（4×3米）运动棋盘游戏干预对养老院居民日常身体活动（PA）以及更广泛的身体和心理结果的影响。
在两家类似的养老院开展了一项准实验性纵向研究。一家养老院中，10名符合纳入标准的参与者（年龄82.5±6.3岁，包括6名女性）参加了为期1个月的干预，而另一家养老院中，11名参与者（年龄89.9±3.1岁，8名女性）被分配到对照组。这款大型运动棋盘游戏要求参与者进行力量、柔韧性、平衡和耐力活动。在基于自我决定理论的自主导向方法干预过程中，运动专家提供的协助逐渐减少。在基线、干预后以及3个月的随访期后评估以下指标：PA（使用ActiGraph测量每日步数和每日能量消耗）、认知状态（简易精神状态检查表）、生活质量（欧洲五维健康量表）、PA动机（运动行为调节问卷-2）、步态和平衡（Tinetti量表和简短身体表现电池测试）、功能性移动能力（计时起立行走测试）以及下肢肌肉的等长肌力。
干预组中，PA从基线时的每日2921步增加到干预后的每日3358步（增加14.9%，P=0.04），3个月后增加到每日4083步（增加39.8%，P=0.03）。每日能量消耗在干预后也有所增加（增加110千卡/天，增加6.3%，P=0.01），3个月后增加（增加219千卡/天，增加12.3%，P=0.02）。3个月后生活质量（P<0.05）、平衡和步态（P<0.05）以及踝关节力量（P<0.05）也得到改善。对照组未观察到此类改善。初步结果很有前景，但需要进一步研究以确认和评估养老院中PA干预的长期有效性。
