Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2020 Nov;28(11):922-933. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.05.001. Epub 2020 May 27.
Fungal infections are on the rise due to new medical procedures that have increased the number of immune compromised patients, antibacterial antibiotics that disrupt the microbiome, and increased use of indwelling medical devices that provide sites for biofilm formation. Key to understanding the mechanisms of pathogenesis is to determine how fungal morphology impacts virulence strategies. For example, small budding cells use very different strategies to disseminate compared with long hyphal filaments. Furthermore, cell morphology must be monitored in the host, as many fungal pathogens change their shape to disseminate into new areas, acquire nutrients, and avoid attack by the immune system. This review describes the shape-shifting alterations in morphogenesis of human fungal pathogens and how they influence virulence strategies.
由于新的医疗程序增加了免疫功能低下的患者数量，抗菌抗生素破坏了微生物组，以及留置医疗设备的使用增加，为生物膜形成提供了场所，真菌感染呈上升趋势。了解发病机制的关键是确定真菌形态如何影响毒力策略。例如，与长丝状菌丝相比，小出芽细胞使用非常不同的策略来传播。此外，必须在宿主中监测细胞形态，因为许多真菌病原体为了传播到新的区域、获取营养以及避免免疫系统的攻击而改变形状。本综述描述了人类真菌病原体形态发生的形态变化以及它们如何影响毒力策略。
