Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Behera province, Egypt.
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt; School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53204, USA.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Sep 1;200:110776. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110776. Epub 2020 May 28.
Over the past decades, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO) have been extensively used in several industrial applications and the manufacture of novel consumer products. Although strict regulations have been put in place to limit their release into the aquatic environment, these nanoparticles can still be found at elevated levels within the environment, which can result in toxic effects on exposed organisms and has possible implications in term of public health. Bivalve mollusks are a unique and ideal group of shellfish for the study and monitoring the aquatic pollution by n-TiO because of their filter-feeding behaviour and ability to accumulate toxicants in their tissues. In these animals, exposure to n-TiO leads to oxidative stress, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and genotoxicity, as well as behavioral and physiological changes. This review summarizes the uptake, accumulation, and fate of n-TiO in aquatic environments and the possible interactions between n-TiO and other contaminants such as heavy metals and organic pollutants. Moreover, the toxicological impacts and mechanisms of action are discussed for a wide range of bivalve mollusks. This data underlines the pressing need for additional knowledge and future research plans for the development of control strategies to mitigate the release of n-TiO to the aquatic environment to prevent the toxicological impacts on bivalves and protect public health.
在过去的几十年中，二氧化钛纳米粒子（n-TiO）已广泛应用于多种工业应用和新型消费产品的制造。尽管已经制定了严格的规定来限制它们向水生环境的释放，但这些纳米粒子仍在环境中被发现处于升高的水平，这可能对暴露的生物体产生毒性影响，并可能对公共健康产生影响。双壳类软体动物是研究和监测 n-TiO 对水生环境污染的独特而理想的贝类群体，因为它们具有滤食行为和在组织中积累毒物的能力。在这些动物中，暴露于 n-TiO 会导致氧化应激、免疫毒性、神经毒性和遗传毒性，以及行为和生理变化。本综述总结了 n-TiO 在水生环境中的摄取、积累和命运，以及 n-TiO 与其他污染物（如重金属和有机污染物）之间的可能相互作用。此外，还讨论了广泛的双壳类软体动物的毒理学影响和作用机制。这些数据强调了需要进一步了解和制定未来的研究计划，以开发控制策略来减轻 n-TiO 向水生环境的释放，以防止 n-TiO 对双壳类动物的毒性影响并保护公众健康。
