中国尸体器官捐献中的家庭同意与动机：伦理探索1
Family-Based Consent and Motivation for Cadaveric Organ Donation in China: An Ethical Exploration1.
作者信息
Fan Ruiping, Wang Mingxu
机构信息
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PRC.
Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PRC.
出版信息
J Med Philos. 2019 Sep 17;44(5):534-553. doi: 10.1093/jmp/jhz022.
Abstract
This essay indicates that Confucian family-based ethics is by no means a stumbling block to organ donation in China. We contend that China should not change to an opt-out consent system in order to enhance donation because a "hard" opt-out system is unethical, and a "soft" opt-out system is unhelpful. We argue that the recently-introduced familist model of motivation for organ donation in mainland China can provide a proper incentive for donation. This model, and the family priority right that this model supports, is ethically justifiable in terms of Confucian family-based ethics.
摘要
本文指出，儒家基于家庭的伦理观念绝不是中国器官捐赠的绊脚石。我们认为，中国不应为了增加捐赠而转向退出同意系统，因为“强硬”的退出系统不道德，“温和”的退出系统也无济于事。我们认为，中国大陆最近引入的家庭主义器官捐赠激励模式可以为捐赠提供适当的激励。这种模式以及该模式所支持的家庭优先权，从儒家基于家庭的伦理观念来看在伦理上是合理的。
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本文引用的文献
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Opt-in or opt-out: that is not the question.选择加入还是选择退出：这不是问题所在。
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Nonegalitarian Social Responsibility for Health: A Confucian Perspective on Article 14 of the UNESCO: Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights.非平等主义的健康社会责任：儒家对联合国教科文组织《生物伦理与人权宣言》第14条的看法
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Incentivizing Authorization for Deceased Organ Donation With Organ Allocation Priority: The First 5 Years.通过器官分配优先权激励已故器官捐赠的授权：头五年
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Reforms in organ donation in China: still to be executed?中国器官捐献改革：仍有待实施？
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Liver Transpl. 2015 Apr;21(4):419-22. doi: 10.1002/lt.24069. Epub 2015 Feb 13.
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Presumed consent for organ donation: a clinically unnecessary and corrupting influence in medicine and politics.推定器官捐赠同意：医学和政治中一种临床上不必要且具有腐蚀性的影响。
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An international comparison of deceased and living organ donation/transplant rates in opt-in and opt-out systems: a panel study.选择加入和选择退出系统中 deceased 和 living 器官捐赠/移植率的国际比较：一项面板研究。 （注：这里的“deceased”和“living”在医学语境下可理解为“已故的”和“活体的”，但从纯字面看原英文表述不太准确，可能是特定研究中的特定指代表述。）
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Financial compensation for deceased organ donation in China.中国器官捐献者死亡后的经济补偿。
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