Santos Nuno, Richomme Céline, Nunes Telmo, Vicente Joaquín, Alves Paulo C, de la Fuente José, Correia-Neves Margarida, Boschiroli María-Laura, Delahay Richard, Gortázar Christian
CIBIO/InBio, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Campus of Vairão, 4485-661 Vila do Conde , Portugal.
ANSES Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, 54220 Malzéville, France.
Pathogens. 2020 May 28;9(6):421. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9060421.
Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a multi-host zoonotic disease whose prevalence in cattle herds in Europe has been increasing, despite a huge investment in eradication. The composition of the host community is a fundamental driver of pathogen transmission, and yet this has not been formally quantified for animal TB in Europe. We quantified multi-host communities of animal TB, using stochastic models to estimate the number of infected domestic and wild hosts in three regions: officially TB-free Central-Western Europe, and two largely TB-endemic regions, the Iberian Peninsula and Britain and Ireland. We show that the estimated number of infected animals in the three regions was 290,059-1,605,612 and the numbers of infected non-bovine domestic and wild hosts always exceeded those of infected cattle, with ratios ranging from 3.3 (1.3-19.6):1 in Britain and Ireland to 84.3 (20.5-864):1 in the Iberian Peninsula. Our results illustrate for the first time the extent to which animal TB systems in some regions of Europe are dominated by non-bovine domestic and wild species. These findings highlight the need to adapt current strategies for effective future control of the disease.
动物结核病是一种多宿主的人畜共患病，尽管在根除方面投入巨大，但在欧洲牛群中的患病率仍在上升。宿主群落的构成是病原体传播的一个基本驱动因素，然而在欧洲，动物结核病的这一因素尚未得到正式量化。我们利用随机模型对动物结核病的多宿主群落进行了量化，以估计三个地区受感染的家养和野生宿主数量：官方无结核病的中西欧地区，以及两个结核病流行地区——伊比利亚半岛和不列颠及爱尔兰。我们发现，这三个地区受感染动物的估计数量为290,059至1,605,612头，受感染的非牛家养和野生宿主数量始终超过受感染的牛，比例从不列颠及爱尔兰的3.3（1.3至19.6）：1到伊比利亚半岛的84.3（20.5至864）：1不等。我们的研究结果首次说明了欧洲一些地区的动物结核病系统在多大程度上由非牛家养和野生物种主导。这些发现凸显了调整当前策略以有效控制该疾病未来传播的必要性。
