Lisa Vera, RN, MS, PMHNP-BC, Metropolitan Hospital, New York, NY. Kunsook Bernstein, RN, PhD, PMHNP-BC, FAAN, Hunter College, School of Nursing, City University of New York, New York, NY. Seatbyul Lee, DNP, RN, ANP-BC, AGACNP-BC, Molloy College, School of Nursing, Rockville Centre, NY.
J Addict Nurs. 2020 Apr/Jun;31(2):85-91. doi: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000333.
Synthetic marijuana use has increased significantly since 2008 among young adults in the United States, as have adverse reactions to it, leading to a dramatic increase in emergency department visits. However, much of the research conducted on it has been case studies, which report detrimental symptoms on an individual basis. Only a limited number of studies aim to better understand the larger parameters of this epidemic to assist health care providers and policy makers, including early detection, intervention, and adequate treatment. In addition, there has been limited critical review of this substance to help health care professionals educate the public about the negative health effects of using this drug. This article explores the critical reviews of synthetic marijuana, also commonly known as "K2" and "Spice," synthesizing information from literature reviews, case studies, media information, and government websites. Findings were organized by synthetic marijuana's history, description, adverse reactions including withdrawal symptoms and death incidents, detection screening, treatment, and legislative issues. Health care providers need to understand the detrimental effects of this illicit and harmful substance to both the body and mind and sometimes irreversible damage caused to individuals who consume it. Policy makers, the public, and affected individuals and their family members need to be educated as well.
自 2008 年以来，合成大麻素在美国的年轻人中使用量显著增加，同时不良反应也随之增加，导致急诊部门就诊人数急剧增加。然而，对其进行的大部分研究都是病例研究，这些研究报告了个体的有害症状。只有少数研究旨在更好地了解这一流行的更大参数，以帮助医疗保健提供者和政策制定者，包括早期发现、干预和充分治疗。此外，对这种物质的批判性审查也很有限，这有助于医疗保健专业人员向公众宣传使用这种药物的负面健康影响。本文探讨了对合成大麻素（也称为“K2”和“香料”）的批判性审查，综合了文献综述、病例研究、媒体信息和政府网站的信息。研究结果按照合成大麻素的历史、描述、不良反应（包括戒断症状和死亡事件）、检测筛查、治疗和立法问题进行了组织。医疗保健提供者需要了解这种非法和有害物质对身体和精神的有害影响，以及对吸食它的个人造成的有时是不可逆转的损害。政策制定者、公众以及受影响的个人及其家人也需要接受教育。
