学术物理医学与康复专业与其他所有医学专业的种族和民族多样性比较。
Ethnic and Racial Diversity in Academic Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Compared with All Other Medical Specialties.
机构信息
From the McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas (ANS, CIM, CP); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas (AS, JF); Department of Rehabilitation, and Human Performance, The Mount Sinai Hospital/Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York (MXE); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (JKS); and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Long School of Medicine at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (MV-G).
出版信息
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2021 Feb 1;100(2S Suppl 1):S12-S16. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001486.
The primary aim of this study was to compare ethnic/racial diversity in academic physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) with all other medical specialties in academia. The secondary aim was to characterize the ethnic/racial diversity of current PM&R program directors. Self-reported ethnicity/race information was collected from the Association of American Medical Colleges and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Ethnicity/race was defined as white, Asian, African American, Hispanic, and other. Odds ratios (ORs) and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare ethnic/racial differences at each career level between each specialty. In 2017, in PM&R, compared with whites, there was decreased odds of African Americans by 89% (OR, 0.11), 90% for Hispanics (OR, 0.10), 62% for Asians (OR, 0.38), and 73% for other (OR, 0.27) (all P < 0.001). This disparity increased in full professors: 99% (OR, 0.01), 96% (OR, 0.04), 87% (OR, 0.13), and 90% (OR, 0.10), respectively (all P < 0.001). In 2019, most PM&R program directors identified as white (51%) compared with Hispanic (4%) and African American (2%). Overall, ethnic/racial underrepresented minorities in medicine decreased with increasing academic rank. Therefore, more robust initiatives must be implemented to improve the exposure, recruitment, and retention of ethnic/racial underrepresented minorities at all levels of PM&R academia.
本研究的主要目的是比较学术物理医学与康复（PM&R）与其他所有医学专业在族裔/种族多样性方面的差异。次要目的是描述当前 PM&R 项目主任的族裔/种族多样性。种族/民族信息是从美国医学协会和研究生医学教育认证委员会收集的。种族/民族被定义为白人、亚洲人、非裔美国人、西班牙裔和其他。使用优势比（OR）和 Fisher 精确检验比较每个专业在每个职业阶段的种族/民族差异。2017 年，在 PM&R 中，与白人相比，非裔美国人的几率降低了 89%（OR，0.11），西班牙裔的几率降低了 90%（OR，0.10），亚洲人的几率降低了 62%（OR，0.38），其他种族的几率降低了 73%（OR，0.27）（均 P < 0.001）。这种差异在正教授中进一步扩大：分别为 99%（OR，0.01）、96%（OR，0.04）、87%（OR，0.13）和 90%（OR，0.10）（均 P < 0.001）。2019 年，大多数 PM&R 项目主任认为自己是白人（51%），而认为自己是西班牙裔（4%）和非裔美国人（2%）。总体而言，医学领域的少数民族族裔代表人数随着学术地位的提高而减少。因此，必须实施更有力的举措，以提高少数民族族裔在 PM&R 学术界各级的曝光率、招募率和留用率。
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