Dastgerdi Fatemeh Ahmadi, Zandiyeh Zahra, Kohan Shahnaz
Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2020 Mar 31;9:62. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_484_19. eCollection 2020.
Women during menopause stages experience many symptoms, for which they lack enough knowledge to manage them. This study aimed to compare the effect of self-directed and support group health education on the quality of life (QOL (and self-care of postmenopausal women.
This field trial study was carried out with three groups. One hundred and eight menopause women were selected through convenient sampling method based on the inclusion criteria from three comprehensive health centers. Health centers were randomly assigned to support ( = 36), self-directed ( = 36), and control groups ( = 36). In the self-directed group, education was provided through educational package, and the control group received routine care from the health center. The support group received education through four group sessions by trained healthy volunteers. Data were collected by menopause-specific QOL and self-care standard questionnaire.
Immediately after the intervention, the mean scores of QOL in the self-directed group, support group, and control group were 41.82 ± 7.61, 40.31 ± 4.80, and 48.17 ± 8.45, respectively ( < 0.05). In addition, the mean scores of self-care were significantly different between the self-directed (40.67 ± 7.36) and support (36.50 ± 3.36) groups compared to the control group (47.83 ± 8.47) ( < 0.05). After 1 month from intervention, QOL scores in the self-directed group (40.67 ± 7.36), support group (36.50 ± 3.36), and control group (47.83 ± 8.47) were significantly different ( < 0.05). In addition, the mean scores of self-care were 64 ± 6.79 and 65 ± 8.32 in the self-directed and support groups, respectively, compared to the control group (49.09 ± 9.43). test (least significant difference) revealed higher effectiveness of the support group ( < 0.001).
Results indicated QOL and self-care in menopause women in self-directed and support groups improved. However, the support group provided higher effectiveness. Therefore, we recommended paying more attention to the capabilities of healthy volunteers for the promotion of QOL in menopause women.
处于更年期阶段的女性会经历许多症状，而她们缺乏足够的知识来应对这些症状。本研究旨在比较自我指导式健康教育和支持小组健康教育对绝经后女性生活质量（QOL）和自我护理的影响。
本现场试验研究分为三组进行。通过便利抽样法，从三个综合健康中心选取了108名更年期女性，选取依据为纳入标准。健康中心被随机分配到支持组（n = 36）、自我指导组（n = 36）和对照组（n = 36）。在自我指导组中，通过教育包提供教育，对照组从健康中心接受常规护理。支持组由经过培训的健康志愿者通过四次小组会议提供教育。通过特定于更年期的QOL和自我护理标准问卷收集数据。
干预后即刻，自我指导组、支持组和对照组的QOL平均得分分别为41.82±7.61、40.31±4.80和48.17±8.45（P<0.05）。此外，与对照组（47.83±8.47）相比，自我指导组（40.67±7.36）和支持组（36.50±3.36）的自我护理平均得分存在显著差异（P<0.05）。干预1个月后，自我指导组（40.67±7.36）、支持组（36.50±3.36）和对照组（47.83±8.47）的QOL得分存在显著差异（P<0.05）。此外，自我指导组和支持组的自我护理平均得分分别为64±6.79和65±8.32，而对照组为49.09±9.43。检验（最小显著差异）显示支持组的效果更高（P<0.001）。
结果表明自我指导组和支持组中绝经后女性的QOL和自我护理得到改善。然而，支持组的效果更高。因此，我们建议更多关注健康志愿者在提高绝经后女性QOL方面的能力。
