Chevrier Nicolas
Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Curr Opin Syst Biol. 2019 Dec;18:19-26. doi: 10.1016/j.coisb.2019.10.010. Epub 2019 Nov 6.
The immune system is a dynamic mesh of molecules, cells and tissues spanning the entire organism. Despite a wealth of knowledge about the components of the immune system, little is known about the general rules governing the organismal circuitry of immunity. Deciphering the immune system at the scale of the whole organism is crucial to understanding fundamental problems in immunobiology and physiology, and to manipulate immunity for maintaining health and preventing disease. Here I discuss the emerging principles of inter-organ communications during immune responses by focusing on three common themes that are the regulation of the () composition, () condition and () coordination of communicating organs by molecular and cellular factors. Based on these common principles, I emphasize fundamental gaps in our knowledge of organismal immune processes and the outlook to tackle immunity at the scale of the whole organism.
免疫系统是一个跨越整个生物体的由分子、细胞和组织构成的动态网络。尽管我们对免疫系统的组成部分已有丰富的了解，但对于支配免疫机体回路的一般规则却知之甚少。在整个生物体层面解析免疫系统对于理解免疫生物学和生理学中的基本问题，以及为维持健康和预防疾病而操控免疫至关重要。在此，我将聚焦于三个共同主题，即分子和细胞因子对通讯器官的（）组成、（）状态及（）协调的调节，来探讨免疫应答过程中器官间通讯的新出现的原则。基于这些共同原则，我强调了我们在机体免疫过程知识方面的基本差距以及在整个生物体层面应对免疫的前景。
