Baldermann C, Weiskopf D
Fachgebiet WR4 "Optische Strahlung", Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Deutschland.
Hautarzt. 2020 Aug;71(8):572-579. doi: 10.1007/s00105-020-04613-3.
Ultraviolet radiation (UV)-induced malignancies, especially skin cancer, have continued to increase for decades. The main cause is natural and artificial UV radiation. The affected persons and the health care system are heavily burdened. The situation threatens to worsen, as climate change could lead to an increase in UV radiation exposure of the population and, thus, the risk of UV-related cancer in Germany as well. The prevention of UV-related diseases is, therefore, a health and radiation protection objective that needs to be considered.
Necessary and appropriate prevention measures for the precaution of UV-related cancer are presented.
The currently recommended and applied primary behavioral and structural preventive measures and potential, prevention-related relief for the health care system are examined and summarized.
Numerous behavioral and structural preventive measures are already being applied. Sustainably designed, multicomponent and personalized behavioral preventive measures in combination with structural prevention modules are effective and have a high economic and health-related benefit. The use of modern media and multimedia measures is recommended.
Structural prevention measures in addition to behavioral measures enable a reduction of the cancer risk caused by UV radiation. The aim must be to establish these measures nationwide for the entire population.
几十年来，紫外线（UV）诱发的恶性肿瘤，尤其是皮肤癌，一直在持续增加。主要原因是自然和人工紫外线辐射。受影响的人和医疗保健系统负担沉重。随着气候变化可能导致德国民众紫外线辐射暴露增加，进而增加与紫外线相关癌症的风险，这种情况可能会恶化。因此，预防与紫外线相关的疾病是一个需要考虑的健康和辐射防护目标。
提出预防与紫外线相关癌症的必要且适当的预防措施。
对目前推荐和应用的主要行为和结构预防措施以及医疗保健系统潜在的、与预防相关的缓解措施进行了审查和总结。
目前已经在应用大量行为和结构预防措施。可持续设计的、多组分和个性化的行为预防措施与结构预防模块相结合是有效的，并且具有很高的经济和健康相关效益。建议使用现代媒体和多媒体措施。
除行为措施外，结构预防措施能够降低紫外线辐射导致的癌症风险。目标必须是在全国范围内为全体人口建立这些措施。
