Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020 May 15;11:267. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00267. eCollection 2020.
Obesity and aging represent major health burdens to the global adult population. Both conditions promote the development of associated metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance. The visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a site that becomes dysfunctional during obesity and aging, and plays a significant role during their pathophysiology. The changes in obese and aging VAT are now recognized to be partly driven by a chronic local inflammatory state, characterized by immune cells that typically adopt an inflammatory phenotype during metabolic disease. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the immune cell landscape of the VAT during lean, obese, and aged conditions, highlighting their similarities and differences. We also briefly discuss possible linked mechanisms that fuel obesity- and age-associated VAT dysfunction.
肥胖和衰老对全球成年人口的健康构成了重大负担。这两种情况都会促进相关代谢疾病的发展，如胰岛素抵抗。内脏脂肪组织（VAT）是肥胖和衰老过程中功能失调的部位，在其病理生理学中起着重要作用。现在人们认识到，肥胖和衰老的 VAT 变化部分是由慢性局部炎症状态驱动的，其特征是免疫细胞在代谢疾病期间通常表现出炎症表型。在这里，我们总结了在 lean、obese 和 aged 条件下 VAT 中免疫细胞景观的现有知识，强调了它们的相似性和差异。我们还简要讨论了可能导致肥胖和年龄相关的 VAT 功能障碍的相关机制。
