Department of Biology, Ecology & Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
Molecules. 2020 Jun 3;25(11):2601. doi: 10.3390/molecules25112601.
Accumulating evidence has shown the beneficial health effects of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption in reducing blood pressure and preventing the risk of developing hypertension. Some studies associate the hypotensive activity of EVOO to a minor component-the phenols. This study was designed to investigate the effects of EVOO phenols on the rat resistance mesenteric artery (MA) and to find out the possible vascular pathways involved. The experiments were carried out using a pressurized myograph, which allowed the effects of phenols on isolated MA to be tested under different conditions: (a) with endothelium removed; (b) with inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by N-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME, 10 M) + N-Nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA, 10 M) ; (c) with inhibition of cyclooxygenase by indomethacin (10 M); (d) with inhibition of guanylate cyclase by 1-[,,]Oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ,10 M) or adenylate cyclase by 9-(Tetrahydro-2'-furyl)adenine (SQ, 10 M); (e) with depolarization by high potassium chloride (40 mM); and (f) with inhibition of the large conductance Ca-potassium channels (BK) with paxilline (10 M). EVOO phenols induce vasodilation of the endothelium, mediated by a direct effect on smooth muscle cells (SMC) by activation of BK channels, an action by which phenols can regulate the vascular tone of the resistance artery. Phenols can be regarded as bioactive molecules that may contribute to the antihypertensive effects of EVOO.
越来越多的证据表明，特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）的消费有益于降低血压和预防高血压风险。一些研究将 EVOO 的降压活性与一种次要成分——酚类联系起来。本研究旨在探讨 EVOO 酚类对大鼠阻力肠系膜动脉（MA）的影响，并找出可能涉及的血管途径。实验使用加压肌描记器进行，允许在不同条件下测试酚类对分离的 MA 的影响：（a）去除内皮；（b）用 N-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯盐酸盐（l-NAME，10 μM）+N-硝基-L-精氨酸（l-NNA，10 μM）抑制一氧化氮合酶；（c）用吲哚美辛（10 μM）抑制环氧化酶；（d）用 1-[，]恶二唑[4,3-a]喹喔啉-1-酮（ODQ，10 μM）抑制鸟苷酸环化酶或用 9-（四氢-2'-呋喃基）腺嘌呤（SQ，10 μM）抑制腺苷酸环化酶；（e）用高浓度氯化钾（40 mM）去极化；（f）用 10 μM 巴氯芬抑制大电导钙激活钾通道（BK）。EVOO 酚类通过激活 BK 通道直接作用于平滑肌细胞（SMC），诱导内皮依赖性血管舒张，这种作用使酚类能够调节阻力动脉的血管张力。酚类可以被视为生物活性分子，可能有助于 EVOO 的降压作用。
