Aldana Julian, Romero-Otero Adriana, Cala Mónica P
Metabolomics Core Facility-MetCore, Vicepresidency for Research, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18A-12, Bogota 111711, Colombia.
Metabolites. 2020 Jun 3;10(6):231. doi: 10.3390/metabo10060231.
In recent years, high-throughput lipid profiling has contributed to understand the biological, physiological and pathological roles of lipids in living organisms. Across all kingdoms of life, important cell and systemic processes are mediated by lipids including compartmentalization, signaling and energy homeostasis. Despite important advances in liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, sample extraction procedures remain a bottleneck in lipidomic studies, since the wide structural diversity of lipids imposes a constrain in the type and amount of lipids extracted. Differences in extraction yield across lipid classes can induce a bias on down-stream analysis and outcomes. This review aims to summarize current lipid extraction techniques used for untargeted and targeted studies based on mass spectrometry. Considerations, applications, and limitations of these techniques are discussed when used to extract lipids in complex biological matrices, such as tissues, biofluids, foods, and microorganisms.
近年来，高通量脂质谱分析有助于了解脂质在生物体内的生物学、生理学和病理学作用。在所有生命王国中，重要的细胞和全身过程都由脂质介导，包括区室化、信号传导和能量稳态。尽管液相色谱和质谱技术取得了重要进展，但样品提取程序仍然是脂质组学研究的一个瓶颈，因为脂质广泛的结构多样性对提取的脂质类型和数量造成了限制。不同脂质类别的提取产率差异会导致下游分析和结果出现偏差。本综述旨在总结目前用于基于质谱的非靶向和靶向研究的脂质提取技术。讨论了这些技术在从组织、生物流体、食物和微生物等复杂生物基质中提取脂质时的注意事项、应用和局限性。
