Golia Nisha, Krishan Kewal, Kashyap Jeet Ram
Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IND.
Cardiology, Government Medical College and Hospital Sector, Chandigarh, IND.
Cureus. 2020 May 3;12(5):e7948. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7948.
Background Obesity is one of the main risk factors of coronary heart disease (CHD). Although a range of anthropometric measures are available to evaluate obesity, which measure is the most precise to predict the risk of CHD is still controversial. Therefore, we assess the prevalence of obesity among patients with CHD by using various anthropometric techniques to find out the most efficient method to predict the risk of CHD. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we included 300 CHD patients and 100 age and sex-matched healthy controls, aged 45-70 years. Various anthropometric measurements (waist and hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, and body fat percentage) were taken to assess the prevalence of obesity among the selected population. Results Average waist circumference among male and female patients was significantly higher than the controls; 94.0±13.2 vs. 86.4±4.4 (< 0.001) and 97.8±12.1 vs. 86.9±5.3 (< 0.001) respectively. The average waist-hip ratio among patients of both genders was significantly higher than controls 1.0±.06 vs. 0.92±.04 (< 0.001) among males and 0.96±.07 vs. 0.88±.04 (< 0.001) among females, respectively. The average body mass index (BMI) was not different among male patients (24.6±4.0) compared to controls (24.3±2.3); however, the frequency distribution of BMI among male patients and controls was significantly different (< 0.05), whereas female patients had significantly higher BMI compared to controls 27.7±4.9 and 25.1±2.4, (< 0.001). Similarly, body fat percentage and visceral fat percentage were elevated among female cases vs. female controls, but no significant difference was observed in the body fat percentage of male cases vs. controls 28.0±5.0 vs. 28.1±2.7; (> 0.05). However, visceral fat percentage was significantly elevated among male cases vs. controls 11.6±5.7 vs. 9.6±2.6 (< 0.05). Conclusions Central adiposity markers, waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and visceral fat percentage were uniformly present in patients of both sexes and are stronger predictors of risk of CHD relative to the BMI.
肥胖是冠心病（CHD）的主要危险因素之一。尽管有一系列人体测量方法可用于评估肥胖，但哪种测量方法最能准确预测冠心病风险仍存在争议。因此，我们通过使用各种人体测量技术评估冠心病患者中的肥胖患病率，以找出预测冠心病风险的最有效方法。
在这项横断面研究中，我们纳入了300例年龄在45 - 70岁之间的冠心病患者以及100例年龄和性别匹配的健康对照。采用各种人体测量指标（腰围、臀围、腰臀比、体重指数和体脂百分比）来评估所选人群中的肥胖患病率。
男性和女性患者的平均腰围均显著高于对照组；分别为94.0±13.2 vs. 86.4±4.4（<0.001）和97.8±12.1 vs. 86.9±5.3（<0.001）。男女患者的平均腰臀比均显著高于对照组，男性分别为1.0±0.06 vs. 0.92±0.04（<0.001），女性分别为0.96±0.07 vs. 0.88±0.04（<0.001）。男性患者的平均体重指数（BMI）与对照组（24.3±2.3）相比无差异（24.6±4.0）；然而，男性患者和对照组的BMI频率分布有显著差异（<0.05），而女性患者的BMI显著高于对照组，分别为27.7±4.9和25.1±2.4（<0.001）。同样，女性病例的体脂百分比和内脏脂肪百分比高于女性对照组，但男性病例与对照组的体脂百分比无显著差异（28.0±5.0 vs. 28.1±2.7；>0.05）。然而，男性病例的内脏脂肪百分比显著高于对照组（11.6±5.7 vs. 9.6±2.6；<0.05）。
中心性肥胖标志物，腰围（WC）、腰臀比（WHR）和内脏脂肪百分比在男女患者中均普遍存在，并且相对于BMI而言，是冠心病风险更强的预测指标。
