Hartung Benno, Schwender Holger, Ritz-Timme Stefanie, Küppers Lisa, Roth Eckhard H, Daldrup Thomas
Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany.
Institute of Mathematics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Leg Med (Tokyo). 2020 Sep;46:101722. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101722. Epub 2020 May 29.
Alcohol is the most widely used recreational drug in Western countries. It affects the psychophysical performance in different ways, e.g. by reducing cognitive functions, causing coordination disturbances or impairing vision. Visual impairments both concern oculomotor and visual sensory functions, such as decreased mesopic vision, decreased field of vision and an increase of saccadic eye movements. During cycling trials with alcoholised test persons, repeated measurements of (1.) the time needed to read a 50-word text, (2.) the time to perform a swing test by tenfold touching the moving fingertip of the examiner, and (3.) the amplitude of fusion were carried out. The results of these tests were further evaluated to test the hypothesis that impaired vision is significantly correlated to reduced cycling performances of alcoholised persons. In a second step, it was examined which test is most useful to identify alcohol intoxicated cyclists. The ophthalmologic examination results of the groups of best and worst cycling-performing test persons at blood alcohol levels between 0.10% and 0.15% were set into relation to the documented allocated demerits. Additionally, the individual results of these persons were compared to the state of soberness. The time needed to read a 50-word text significantly correlated with the cycling performance. As this is an easy and objective test, it might contribute to a synoptic evaluation of the psychophysical performance of a drunken cyclist.
酒精是西方国家使用最广泛的消遣性毒品。它以不同方式影响心理生理表现，例如通过降低认知功能、导致协调障碍或损害视力。视觉障碍既涉及眼球运动功能，也涉及视觉感觉功能，如中视视力下降、视野缩小和眼球跳动增加。在对饮酒测试者进行的骑行试验中，对以下三项指标进行了重复测量：（1）阅读一篇50字文本所需的时间；（2）通过十次触摸检查者移动的指尖来进行摆动测试的时间；（3）融合幅度。对这些测试结果进行了进一步评估，以检验视力受损与饮酒者骑行表现下降显著相关这一假设。第二步，研究了哪种测试对于识别醉酒骑车者最有用。将血液酒精含量在0.10%至0.15%之间的骑行表现最佳和最差的测试者组的眼科检查结果与记录在案的相应扣分情况进行关联。此外，将这些人的个体结果与清醒状态进行比较。阅读一篇50字文本所需的时间与骑行表现显著相关。由于这是一项简单且客观的测试，它可能有助于对醉酒骑车者的心理生理表现进行综合评估。
