Liu Na, Tang Meng
Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2020 Nov 15;399:122606. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122606. Epub 2020 May 16.
Currently, there are a great quantity type of quantum dots (QDs) that has been developed by researchers. Depending on the core material, they can be roughly divided into cadmium, silver, indium, carbon and silicon QDs. And studies on the toxicity of QDs are also increasing rapidly, but in vivo tests in model animals fail to reach a consistent conclusion. Therefore, we review the literatures dealing with the cytotoxicity of QDs in mammalian cells in vitro. After a short summary of the application characteristics of five types of QDs, the fate of QDs in cells will be discussed, ranging from the uptake, transportation, sublocation and excretion. A substantial part of the review will be focused on in vitro toxicity, in which the type of QDs is combined with their adverse effect and toxic mechanism. Because of their different luminescent properties, different subcellular fate, and different degree of cytotoxicity, we provide an overview on the balance of optical stability and biocompatibility of QDs and give a short outlook on future direction of cytotoxicology of QDs.
目前，研究人员已经开发出大量种类的量子点（QD）。根据核心材料的不同，它们大致可分为镉量子点、银量子点、铟量子点、碳量子点和硅量子点。并且关于量子点毒性的研究也在迅速增加，但在模式动物体内进行的试验未能得出一致的结论。因此，我们综述了有关量子点在体外对哺乳动物细胞细胞毒性的文献。在简要总结了五种类型量子点的应用特性之后，将讨论量子点在细胞中的命运，包括摄取、运输、亚定位和排泄。综述的很大一部分将聚焦于体外毒性，其中量子点的类型与其不良反应和毒性机制相结合。由于它们具有不同的发光特性、不同的亚细胞命运以及不同程度的细胞毒性，我们对量子点的光学稳定性和生物相容性之间的平衡进行了概述，并对量子点细胞毒理学的未来方向给出了简要展望。
