Zhang Mengdan, Qiao Ruirui, Hu Jinming
CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Jun 8;10(6):1134. doi: 10.3390/nano10061134.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) comprising metal ions or clusters coordinated to organic ligands have become a class of emerging materials in the field of biomedical research due to their bespoke compositions, highly porous nanostructures, large surface areas, good biocompatibility, etc. So far, many MOFs have been developed for imaging and therapy purposes. The unique porous nanostructures render it possible to adsorb and store various substances, especially for gaseous molecules, which is rather challenging for other types of delivery vectors. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent development of MOFs for controlled release of three gaseous transmitters, namely, nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (HS). Although these gaseous molecules have been known as air pollutants for a long time, much evidence has been uncovered regarding their important physiological functions as signaling molecules. These signaling molecules could be either physically absorbed onto or covalently linked to MOFs, allowing for the release of loaded signaling molecules in a spontaneous or controlled manner. We highlight the designing concept by selective examples and display their potential applications in many fields such as cancer therapy, wound healing, and anti-inflammation. We hope more effort could be devoted to this emerging fields to develop signaling molecule-releasing MOFs with practical applications.
金属有机框架材料（MOFs）由与有机配体配位的金属离子或簇组成，因其定制的组成、高度多孔的纳米结构、大表面积、良好的生物相容性等特点，已成为生物医学研究领域一类新兴材料。到目前为止，已经开发出许多用于成像和治疗目的的MOFs。独特的多孔纳米结构使其能够吸附和储存各种物质，特别是对于气体分子，这对其他类型的递送载体来说颇具挑战性。在这篇综述中，我们主要关注MOFs在三种气体递质即一氧化氮（NO）、一氧化碳（CO）和硫化氢（H₂S）控释方面的最新进展。尽管这些气体分子长期以来被认为是空气污染物，但现在已经发现了许多关于它们作为信号分子的重要生理功能的证据。这些信号分子可以物理吸附在MOFs上或与MOFs共价连接，从而使负载的信号分子以自发或可控的方式释放。我们通过具体实例突出设计理念，并展示它们在癌症治疗、伤口愈合和抗炎等许多领域的潜在应用。我们希望能在这个新兴领域投入更多努力，开发出具有实际应用价值的释放信号分子的MOFs。
