Yuvashree Muralidaran, Ganesh Rajesh Nachiappa, Viswanathan Pragasam
Renal Research Lab, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014 India.
Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Dhanvantrinagar, Puducherry India.
3 Biotech. 2020 Jun;10(6):272. doi: 10.1007/s13205-020-02262-w. Epub 2020 May 29.
The renoprotective potential of nanoemulsified garlic oil blend (GNE) in alleviating the progressive stages of hyperlipidemia-mediated diabetic nephropathy was examined. The study was carried out in high fat-fed, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic Wistar rats for five months. The diabetic rats showed a significant increase of area under the curve in OGTT ( < 0.01) and IPITT ( < 0.01), increased urinary albumin ( < 0.01), urinary microprotein ( < 0.001), total cholesterol ( < 0.01), triglycerides ( < 0.001) and LDL cholesterol ( < 0.001), with decreased serum albumin ( < 0.01), serum protein ( < 0.001) and HDL-cholesterol levels ( < 0.05) than the control rats. The histopathological analysis evidenced mesangial expansion and hypercellularity at the end of the first and third month, and glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy at the end of the fifth month in diabetic rats. Moreover, on disease progression, increase in urinary podocalyxin, NGAL and CD36 was observed, and the renal mRNA and protein expression of podocalyxin decreased significantly with a concomitant increase in NGAL and CD36 expression from first till fifth month end. The treatment with GNE (20 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated the serum albumin ( < 0.001) and urine albumin ( < 0.01) from the end of the third month with significant attenuation in the lipid profile than GO (20 mg/kg) or Ator (8 mg/kg). Moreover, GNE reverted the histopathological alterations and attenuated the aberrant mRNA, protein expression and urinary excretion level of renal CD36, podocalyxin and NGAL in diabetic rats from an early stage of disease till the end of the study period. This study demonstrated the enhanced efficacy of GO in nanoemulsified form in mitigating the progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetic rats.
研究了纳米乳化大蒜油混合物（GNE）在减轻高脂血症介导的糖尿病肾病进展阶段的肾脏保护潜力。该研究在高脂喂养、链脲佐菌素诱导的2型糖尿病Wistar大鼠中进行了五个月。糖尿病大鼠的口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）曲线下面积（<0.01）和胰岛素耐量试验（IPITT）曲线下面积显著增加（<0.01），尿白蛋白（<0.01）、尿微量蛋白（<0.001）、总胆固醇（<0.01）、甘油三酯（<0.001）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（<0.001）增加，而血清白蛋白（<0.01）、血清蛋白（<0.001）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（<0.05）低于对照大鼠。组织病理学分析表明，糖尿病大鼠在第一个月和第三个月末出现系膜扩张和细胞增多，在第五个月末出现肾小球硬化和肾小管萎缩。此外，随着疾病进展，观察到尿足细胞标记蛋白、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）和CD36增加，从第一个月到第五个月末，足细胞标记蛋白的肾脏mRNA和蛋白表达显著降低，同时NGAL和CD36表达增加。用GNE（20mg/kg）治疗从第三个月末开始显著改善血清白蛋白（<0.001）和尿白蛋白（<0.01），与大蒜油（GO，20mg/kg）或阿托伐他汀（Ator，8mg/kg）相比，血脂水平显著降低。此外，GNE从疾病早期到研究期末逆转了糖尿病大鼠的组织病理学改变，并减弱了肾脏CD36、足细胞标记蛋白和NGAL的异常mRNA、蛋白表达及尿排泄水平。本研究证明了纳米乳化形式的GO在减轻2型糖尿病大鼠肾病进展方面具有增强的疗效。
