Department of Nursing, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain.
Department of Nursing, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain,
Obes Facts. 2020;13(3):403-414. doi: 10.1159/000507960. Epub 2020 Jun 12.
Nowadays, obesity is one of the main causes of death and disability. In recent years, it has been shown that the excess and distribution of body fat increases morbidity, with excess visceral fat being the most important factor that triggers pathologies. Thus, estimation of visceral fat makes it possible to identify patients with a higher cardiovascular risk, aiding the management of obesity. The main objective of the study was to identify predictors of the visceral fat index through a lifestyle intervention and to observe the effect of the intervention on dietary habits and functional capacity.
A randomized intervention, parallel-group study was made. This study included 97 obese and overweight people (control group, n = 48; experimental group, n = 49) with a low socioeconomic status in an 8-month lifestyle intervention. Anthropometric, fitness and nutritional tests were assessed.
It was found that being female, eating the recommended daily portions of fruit, gaining strength in the legs and gaining flexibility are factors predictive of a lower visceral fat index. Age over 45 years and eating the recommended weekly portions of cereals and meats, fat and processed meats increases the visceral fat index after a lifestyle intervention. There were changes in the visceral fat index and in the different physical condition variables, but not in eating habits.
A multicomponent lifestyle intervention reduces the visceral fat index; age over 45 and consuming cereals and meat increases the visceral fat index.
如今，肥胖是导致死亡和残疾的主要原因之一。近年来，人们已经认识到身体脂肪的过度积累和分布会增加发病率，而过多的内脏脂肪是引发各种病理的最重要因素。因此，估计内脏脂肪可以帮助识别出心血管风险更高的患者，从而有助于肥胖症的管理。本研究的主要目的是通过生活方式干预来确定内脏脂肪指数的预测因素，并观察干预对饮食习惯和身体功能的影响。
进行了一项随机干预、平行组研究。该研究纳入了 97 名低社会经济地位的肥胖和超重人群（对照组，n = 48；实验组，n = 49），进行了为期 8 个月的生活方式干预。评估了人体测量学、体能和营养测试。
研究发现，女性、摄入推荐的每日水果量、腿部力量增强和柔韧性提高是预测较低内脏脂肪指数的因素。45 岁以上以及每周摄入推荐量的谷物、肉类、脂肪和加工肉类会在生活方式干预后增加内脏脂肪指数。内脏脂肪指数和不同身体状况变量发生了变化，但饮食习惯没有变化。
多组分生活方式干预可降低内脏脂肪指数；45 岁以上以及摄入谷物和肉类会增加内脏脂肪指数。
