Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
Cell Death Dis. 2020 Jun 15;11(6):456. doi: 10.1038/s41419-020-2657-z.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic relapsing gastrointestinal inflammatory disease, mainly comprises ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Although the mechanisms and pathways of IBD have been widely examined in recent decades, its exact pathogenesis remains unclear. Studies have focused on the discovery of new therapeutic targets and application of precision medicine. Recently, a strong connection between IBD and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) has been reported. ncRNAs include microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). The contributions of lncRNAs and circRNAs in IBD are less well-studied compared with those of miRNAs. However, lncRNAs and circRNAs are likely to drive personalized therapy for IBD. They will enable accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of therapeutic responses and promote IBD therapy. Herein, we briefly describe the molecular functions of lncRNAs and circRNAs and provide an overview of the current knowledge of the altered expression profiles of lncRNAs and circRNAs in patients with IBD. Further, we discuss how these RNAs are involved in the nosogenesis of IBD and are emerging as biomarkers.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种慢性复发性胃肠道炎症性疾病，主要包括溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和克罗恩病（CD）。尽管近几十年来广泛研究了 IBD 的机制和途径，但它的确切发病机制仍不清楚。研究集中在发现新的治疗靶点和应用精准医学上。最近，有报道称 IBD 与非编码 RNA（ncRNA）之间存在很强的联系。ncRNA 包括 microRNAs（miRNAs）、长非编码 RNA（lncRNAs）和环状 RNA（circRNAs）。与 miRNAs 相比，lncRNAs 和 circRNAs 在 IBD 中的作用研究得较少。然而，lncRNAs 和 circRNAs 可能推动 IBD 的个体化治疗。它们将能够实现 IBD 的准确诊断、预后和治疗反应预测，并促进 IBD 的治疗。本文简要描述了 lncRNA 和 circRNA 的分子功能，并概述了 IBD 患者中 lncRNA 和 circRNA 表达谱改变的现有知识。此外，我们还讨论了这些 RNA 如何参与 IBD 的发病机制，并作为生物标志物出现。
