Kong Wei-Liang, Rui Lin, Ni Hang, Wu Xiao-Qin
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2020 May 28;11:1114. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01114. eCollection 2020.
The use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by microorganisms for the biological control of plant diseases has attracted much attention in recent years. In this study, the antifungal activity and identity of VOCs produced by JZ-GX1 isolated from the rhizosphere soil of pine were determined and analyzed. The effect of the VOCs on the mycelial growth of , the pathogen of × black spot, was determined by a joined-petri dish fumigation method. An leaf inoculation method was used to determine the fumigation effect of the VOCs on black spot. VOCs with antifungal activity were collected by headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and their components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the VOCs secreted by JZ-GX1 inhibited the mycelial growth of the tested pathogen. The VOCs destroyed the morphology of the mycelium, significantly increased the permeability of the cell membrane and downregulated the expression of pathogenicity-related genes during mycelial infection, thus inhibiting the expansion of anthracnose disease spots in leaves. In the volatile compound profile, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-phenylethyl methyl ether significantly inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of . This work provides a new strategy for the research and application of microorganisms and bioactive compounds to control plant anthracnose.
近年来，利用微生物产生的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）进行植物病害的生物防治备受关注。在本研究中，对从松树根际土壤中分离得到的JZ-GX1所产生的VOCs的抑菌活性及成分进行了测定和分析。采用联体培养皿熏蒸法测定了VOCs对×黑斑病病原菌菌丝生长的影响。采用叶片接种法测定了VOCs对黑斑病的熏蒸效果。采用顶空固相微萃取（SPME）收集具有抑菌活性的VOCs，并通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析其成分。结果表明，JZ-GX1分泌的VOCs抑制了受试病原菌的菌丝生长。VOCs破坏了菌丝形态，显著增加了细胞膜通透性，并在菌丝侵染过程中下调了致病性相关基因的表达，从而抑制了叶片炭疽病病斑的扩展。在挥发性化合物谱中，3-甲基-1-丁醇和2-苯乙基甲基醚显著抑制了的菌丝生长和孢子萌发。本研究为微生物及生物活性化合物防治植物炭疽病的研究与应用提供了新策略。
