Albrecht Frederic W, Maurer Felix, Müller-Wirtz Lukas M, Schwaiblmair Michaela H, Hüppe Tobias, Wolf Beate, Sessler Daniel I, Volk Thomas, Kreuer Sascha, Fink Tobias
CBR-Center of Breath Research, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Department of Outcomes Research, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Metabolites. 2020 Jun 15;10(6):245. doi: 10.3390/metabo10060245.
Systemic inflammation alters the composition of exhaled breath, possibly helping clinicians diagnose conditions such as sepsis. We therefore evaluated changes in exhaled breath of rats given tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10 each) with intravenous injections of normal saline (control), 200 µg·kg bodyweight TNF-α (TNF-α-200), or 600 µg·kg bodyweight TNF-α (TNF-α-600), and were observed for 24 h or until death. Animals were ventilated with highly-purified synthetic air to analyze exhaled air by multicapillary column-ion mobility spectrometry. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified from a database. We recorded blood pressure and cardiac output, along with cytokine plasma concentrations. Control rats survived the 24 h observation period, whereas mean survival time decreased to 22 h for TNF-α-200 and 23 h for TNF-α-600 rats. Mean arterial pressure decreased in TNF-α groups, whereas IL-6 increased, consistent with mild to moderate inflammation. Hundreds of VOCs were detected in exhalome. P-cymol increased by a factor-of-two 4 h after injection of TNF-α-600 compared to the control and TNF-α-200. We found that 1-butanol and 1-pentanol increased in both TNF-α groups after 20 h compared to the control. As breath analysis distinguishes between two doses of TNF-α and none, we conclude that it might help clinicians identify systemic inflammation.
全身炎症会改变呼出气体的成分，这可能有助于临床医生诊断败血症等病症。因此，我们评估了注射肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的大鼠呼出气体的变化。30只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠被随机分为三组（每组n = 10），分别静脉注射生理盐水（对照组）、200 µg·kg体重的TNF-α（TNF-α-200）或600 µg·kg体重的TNF-α（TNF-α-600），并观察24小时或直至死亡。用高度纯化的合成空气对动物进行通气，通过多毛细管柱离子迁移谱法分析呼出气体。从数据库中识别挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）。我们记录了血压和心输出量以及细胞因子血浆浓度。对照组大鼠在24小时观察期内存活，而TNF-α-200组大鼠的平均存活时间降至22小时，TNF-α-600组大鼠为23小时。TNF-α组的平均动脉压下降，而IL-6升高，这与轻度至中度炎症一致。在呼出物中检测到数百种VOCs。与对照组和TNF-α-200相比，注射TNF-α-600后4小时对异丙基甲苯增加了两倍。我们发现，与对照组相比，20小时后两个TNF-α组中的1-丁醇和1-戊醇均增加。由于呼气分析能够区分两种剂量的TNF-α与无TNF-α的情况，我们得出结论，它可能有助于临床医生识别全身炎症。
