Alessandri Claudia, Ferrara Rosetta, Bernardi Maria Livia, Zennaro Danila, Tuppo Lisa, Giangrieco Ivana, Ricciardi Teresa, Tamburrini Maurizio, Ciardiello Maria Antonietta, Mari Adriano
Associated Centers for Molecular Allergology (CAAM), Rome, Italy.
Allergy Data Laboratories (ADL), Latina, Italy.
Clin Transl Allergy. 2020 Jun 17;10:22. doi: 10.1186/s13601-020-00329-8. eCollection 2020.
Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) is one of the most common IgE-mediated allergic reactions. It is characterized by a number of symptoms induced by the exposure of the oral and pharyngeal mucosa to allergenic proteins belonging to class 1 or to class 2 food allergens. OAS occurring when patients sensitized to pollens are exposed to some fresh plant foods has been called pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS). In the wake of PFAS, several different associations of allergenic sources have been progressively proposed and called syndromes. Molecular allergology has shown that these associations are based on IgE co-recognition taking place between homologous allergens present in different allergenic sources. In addition, the molecular approach reveals that some allergens involved in OAS are also responsible for systemic reactions, as in the case of some food Bet v 1-related proteins, lipid transfer proteins and gibberellin regulated proteins. Therefore, in the presence of a convincing history of OAS, it becomes crucial to perform a patient's tailored molecule-based diagnosis in order to identify the individual IgE sensitization profile. This information allows the prediction of possible cross-reactions with homologous molecules contained in other sources. In addition, it allows the assessment of the risk of developing more severe symptoms on the basis of the features of the allergenic proteins to which the patient is sensitized. In this context, we aimed to provide an overview of the features of relevant plant allergenic molecules and their involvement in the clinical onset of OAS. The value of a personalized molecule-based approach to OAS diagnosis is also analyzed and discussed.
口腔过敏综合征（OAS）是最常见的IgE介导的过敏反应之一。其特征是口腔和咽黏膜暴露于1类或2类食物过敏原中的致敏蛋白后引发多种症状。当对花粉过敏的患者接触某些新鲜植物性食物时发生的OAS被称为花粉食物过敏综合征（PFAS）。继PFAS之后，人们逐渐提出了几种不同的过敏原来源关联并称之为综合征。分子过敏学表明，这些关联是基于不同过敏原来源中存在的同源过敏原之间发生的IgE共同识别。此外，分子方法揭示，一些参与OAS的过敏原也会引发全身反应，例如某些与食物中的Bet v 1相关的蛋白、脂质转移蛋白和赤霉素调节蛋白。因此，在有令人信服的OAS病史的情况下，进行基于患者个体分子的诊断以确定个体IgE致敏谱变得至关重要。这些信息有助于预测与其他来源中所含同源分子可能发生的交叉反应。此外，它还能根据患者致敏的过敏原蛋白特征评估出现更严重症状的风险。在此背景下，我们旨在概述相关植物过敏原分子的特征及其在OAS临床发病中的作用。还分析和讨论了基于分子的个性化方法对OAS诊断的价值。
