MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology and Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology and Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2020 Oct;65:225-232. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.05.001. Epub 2020 Jun 15.
Bacterial Microcompartments (BMCs) are used by diverse bacteria to compartmentalize enzymatic reactions, functioning analogously to the organelles of eukaryotes. The bounding membrane and encapsulated components are composed entirely of protein, which makes them ideal targets for modification by genetic engineering. In contrast to viruses, in which generally only one protein forms the capsid, the shells of BMCs consist of a variety of shell proteins, each a potential unit of selection. Despite their differences in permeability, the shell proteins are surprisingly interchangeable. Recent developments have shown that they are also highly amenable to engineered modifications which poise them for a variety of biotechnological applications. Given their modular structure, with a module defined as a semi-autonomous functional unit, BMCs can be considered apps for programming metabolism that can be de-bugged by adaptive evolution.
细菌微室 (BMC) 被多种细菌用于分隔酶促反应，其功能类似于真核生物的细胞器。边界膜和封装的组件完全由蛋白质组成，这使得它们成为遗传工程修饰的理想目标。与通常只有一种蛋白质形成衣壳的病毒不同，BMC 的壳由多种壳蛋白组成，每个蛋白都是潜在的选择单位。尽管它们的渗透性不同，但壳蛋白惊人地可互换。最近的研究进展表明，它们也非常适合于工程改造，为各种生物技术应用提供了可能。鉴于其模块化结构，每个模块定义为一个半自主的功能单元，BMC 可以被视为用于代谢编程的应用程序，通过适应性进化可以对其进行“调试”。
