Adelopo A O, Haris P I, Alo B I, Huddersman K, Jenkins R O
Department of Works and Physical Planning, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
Waste Manag. 2018 Aug;78:227-237. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.05.040. Epub 2018 Jun 7.
Multivariate analysis of a heavy metal pollution survey of closed and active landfill precursors was carried out in order to compare environmental risk levels in relation to age, particle size and depth of the precursors. Landfill precursors (77) were collected and analyzed for 15 USEPA toxic heavy metals using ICP-MS. Heavy metals concentrations in closed landfill precursors were significantly higher than those in the active landfill for 11 of 15 heavy metals investigated (closed landfill order: Fe > Al > Mn > Cu > Pb > Ba > Co > Cr > Ni > Cd > As > Se > Ti). Cluster analysis and correlation studies indicated the distribution of the metals was more influenced by landfill precursor size than by depth of the sample. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that 10 of 15 of heavy metals of both landfill precursors were from similar anthropogenic sources. Heavy metals pollution indices (I > 5, EF > 40 and CF > 7) of both active and closed landfill precursors exceeded limits in the order of Zn > Cd > Pb > Cu > Ag, indicating a major potential health risk influenced by age and particle size of precursor. Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb of both landfill precursors exceeded the USEPA set standard for assessment of human health risk for each of the metals (1 × 10 to 1 × 10). This study highlights the need for the integration of a clean-up process for precursors from both types of landfill to reduce possible environmental pollution during a reuse process.
对封闭和活跃垃圾填埋场前身进行了重金属污染调查的多变量分析，以比较与前身的年龄、粒度和深度相关的环境风险水平。收集了77个垃圾填埋场前身样本，并用ICP-MS分析了15种美国环保署规定的有毒重金属。在所调查的15种重金属中，有11种在封闭垃圾填埋场前身中的浓度显著高于活跃垃圾填埋场（封闭垃圾填埋场中重金属浓度顺序为：铁＞铝＞锰＞铜＞铅＞钡＞钴＞铬＞镍＞镉＞砷＞硒＞钛）。聚类分析和相关性研究表明，金属的分布受垃圾填埋场前身粒度的影响大于样本深度。主成分分析（PCA）表明，两种垃圾填埋场前身的15种重金属中有10种来自相似的人为来源。活跃和封闭垃圾填埋场前身的重金属污染指数（I＞5、EF＞40和CF＞7）均超过限值，顺序为锌＞镉＞铅＞铜＞银，表明前身的年龄和粒度对健康有重大潜在风险。两种垃圾填埋场前身的锌、镉、铜和铅均超过了美国环保署设定的每种金属的人类健康风险评估标准（1×10至1×10）。本研究强调需要对两种类型垃圾填埋场的前身进行清理，以减少再利用过程中可能的环境污染。
