DeFrank R S, Ivancevich J M, Schweiger D M
Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
Behav Med. 1988 Winter;14(4):160-70. doi: 10.1080/08964289.1988.9935141.
The sources and mediators of occupational stress have been assessed frequently but rarely from a cross-cultural perspective. The present study examined responses to a number of stress, social support, job satisfaction, and personal characteristics measures and their relationships to mental well-being among samples of lower-, middle-, and upper-level managers in the United States, Japan, and India. These data suggested basic similarities between 178 U.S. and 306 Indian managers; the 222 Japanese managers tended to report more negative reactions than the other two groups. Variability among these groups was seen, however, in the relative weights given to the factors of the mental well-being measure and in the association of these factors with the various independent variables. Implications and shortcomings of these results are discussed, along with suggestions for future research priorities.
职业压力的来源和中介因素虽常被评估，但很少从跨文化视角进行。本研究考察了美国、日本和印度低、中、高层管理者样本对一系列压力、社会支持、工作满意度及个人特征测量的反应，以及它们与心理健康的关系。这些数据表明178名美国管理者和306名印度管理者之间存在基本相似性；222名日本管理者比其他两组倾向于报告更多负面反应。然而，这些群体之间的差异体现在心理健康测量因素的相对权重上，以及这些因素与各种自变量的关联上。讨论了这些结果的意义和不足，并提出了未来研究重点的建议。
